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Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India

Background and objective Patients suffering from thalassemia major are at higher risk of osteoporosis. Due to their decreased life expectancy, the number of adult patients is low. However, their bone health is rarely checked in developing countries like India. There is no data available in the liter...

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Autores principales: Santra, Soumya, Sharma, Kunal, Dash, Ipsita, Mondal, Shaikat, Mondal, Himel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9359209/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35959170
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26688
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author Santra, Soumya
Sharma, Kunal
Dash, Ipsita
Mondal, Shaikat
Mondal, Himel
author_facet Santra, Soumya
Sharma, Kunal
Dash, Ipsita
Mondal, Shaikat
Mondal, Himel
author_sort Santra, Soumya
collection PubMed
description Background and objective Patients suffering from thalassemia major are at higher risk of osteoporosis. Due to their decreased life expectancy, the number of adult patients is low. However, their bone health is rarely checked in developing countries like India. There is no data available in the literature on the bone mineral density (BMD) of adult (aged ≥18 years) thalassemia major patients in eastern India. In this study, we aimed to measure the BMD and serum calcium and vitamin D levels in adult thalassemia major patients and to compare them with healthy controls. Materials and methods We conducted this cross-sectional observational study at a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. We recruited adult thalassemia major patients who were not on calcium or vitamin D supplements. Their BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on the lumbar spine (L1-L4). Venous blood was tested for serum calcium and vitamin D levels. We compared the parameters between the cases and controls by using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results A total of 31 (male = 19, female = 12) patients with a median age of 28 years comprised the case group. Age- and sex-matched controls showed similar height but higher weight and BMI. The serum calcium level was similar (p = 0.43) in the case and control groups but T-score (p = 0.0003) and vitamin D levels (p: <0.0001) were significantly lower in thalassemia major patients. Conclusion Based on our findings, adult thalassemia major patients have lower BMD and vitamin D levels. Although the serum calcium may be normal in these patients, they should still be screened both for BMD and vitamin D for prompt and early detection of risks and complications so that a proper management strategy can be implemented.
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spelling pubmed-93592092022-08-10 Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India Santra, Soumya Sharma, Kunal Dash, Ipsita Mondal, Shaikat Mondal, Himel Cureus Internal Medicine Background and objective Patients suffering from thalassemia major are at higher risk of osteoporosis. Due to their decreased life expectancy, the number of adult patients is low. However, their bone health is rarely checked in developing countries like India. There is no data available in the literature on the bone mineral density (BMD) of adult (aged ≥18 years) thalassemia major patients in eastern India. In this study, we aimed to measure the BMD and serum calcium and vitamin D levels in adult thalassemia major patients and to compare them with healthy controls. Materials and methods We conducted this cross-sectional observational study at a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. We recruited adult thalassemia major patients who were not on calcium or vitamin D supplements. Their BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on the lumbar spine (L1-L4). Venous blood was tested for serum calcium and vitamin D levels. We compared the parameters between the cases and controls by using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results A total of 31 (male = 19, female = 12) patients with a median age of 28 years comprised the case group. Age- and sex-matched controls showed similar height but higher weight and BMI. The serum calcium level was similar (p = 0.43) in the case and control groups but T-score (p = 0.0003) and vitamin D levels (p: <0.0001) were significantly lower in thalassemia major patients. Conclusion Based on our findings, adult thalassemia major patients have lower BMD and vitamin D levels. Although the serum calcium may be normal in these patients, they should still be screened both for BMD and vitamin D for prompt and early detection of risks and complications so that a proper management strategy can be implemented. Cureus 2022-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9359209/ /pubmed/35959170 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26688 Text en Copyright © 2022, Santra et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Santra, Soumya
Sharma, Kunal
Dash, Ipsita
Mondal, Shaikat
Mondal, Himel
Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India
title Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India
title_full Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India
title_fullStr Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India
title_full_unstemmed Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India
title_short Bone Mineral Density, Serum Calcium, and Vitamin D Levels in Adult Thalassemia Major Patients: Experience From a Single Center in Eastern India
title_sort bone mineral density, serum calcium, and vitamin d levels in adult thalassemia major patients: experience from a single center in eastern india
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9359209/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35959170
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26688
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