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Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection
PURPOSE: To investigate whether compulsory face masking in public life changes the incidence or pattern of post-injection endophthalmitis (PIE). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All injections of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, dexamethasone or triamcinolone between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2021 at the Univ...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9362425/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35932321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-022-05768-6 |
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author | Neubauer, Jonas Gklavas, Konstantinos Kortüm, Friederike Gosheva, Mariya Bartz-Schmidt, Karl Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke |
author_facet | Neubauer, Jonas Gklavas, Konstantinos Kortüm, Friederike Gosheva, Mariya Bartz-Schmidt, Karl Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke |
author_sort | Neubauer, Jonas |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: To investigate whether compulsory face masking in public life changes the incidence or pattern of post-injection endophthalmitis (PIE). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All injections of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, dexamethasone or triamcinolone between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2021 at the University Eye Clinic of Tuebingen were included in this retrospective analysis. The injection procedure itself was unchanged since 2015 and included the use of a sterile drape covering the head up to the shoulders which prevents airflow toward the eye. Furthermore, all staff wore a face mask and gloves at all times. The two study periods were defined by the introduction of a compulsory face masking rule in public life (01/01/2015 until 04/27/2020 vs. 04/28/2020 until 12/31/2021). RESULTS: A total of 83,543 injections were performed in the tertiary eye clinic, associated with a total of 20 PIE (0.024%, 1/4177 injections). Of these, thirteen PIE were documented during the pre-pandemic period (0.021%, 1/4773 injections) and seven PIE during the pandemic period (0.033%, 1/3071 injections). No significant difference in PIE risk was observed (p = 0.49), and there was no case of oral flora associated PIE. CONCLUSION: Although some potential confounders (wearing time, skin flora) could not be considered, there was no clear signal that the introduction of compulsory face masking in public life did alter the risk for PIE in our patient population. Three and six months after PIE, no difference in visual acuity was detectable between the two study periods. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9362425 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93624252022-08-10 Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection Neubauer, Jonas Gklavas, Konstantinos Kortüm, Friederike Gosheva, Mariya Bartz-Schmidt, Karl Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol Retinal Disorders PURPOSE: To investigate whether compulsory face masking in public life changes the incidence or pattern of post-injection endophthalmitis (PIE). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All injections of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, dexamethasone or triamcinolone between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2021 at the University Eye Clinic of Tuebingen were included in this retrospective analysis. The injection procedure itself was unchanged since 2015 and included the use of a sterile drape covering the head up to the shoulders which prevents airflow toward the eye. Furthermore, all staff wore a face mask and gloves at all times. The two study periods were defined by the introduction of a compulsory face masking rule in public life (01/01/2015 until 04/27/2020 vs. 04/28/2020 until 12/31/2021). RESULTS: A total of 83,543 injections were performed in the tertiary eye clinic, associated with a total of 20 PIE (0.024%, 1/4177 injections). Of these, thirteen PIE were documented during the pre-pandemic period (0.021%, 1/4773 injections) and seven PIE during the pandemic period (0.033%, 1/3071 injections). No significant difference in PIE risk was observed (p = 0.49), and there was no case of oral flora associated PIE. CONCLUSION: Although some potential confounders (wearing time, skin flora) could not be considered, there was no clear signal that the introduction of compulsory face masking in public life did alter the risk for PIE in our patient population. Three and six months after PIE, no difference in visual acuity was detectable between the two study periods. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-08-06 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9362425/ /pubmed/35932321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-022-05768-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Retinal Disorders Neubauer, Jonas Gklavas, Konstantinos Kortüm, Friederike Gosheva, Mariya Bartz-Schmidt, Karl Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection |
title | Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection |
title_full | Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection |
title_fullStr | Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection |
title_full_unstemmed | Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection |
title_short | Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection |
title_sort | legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection |
topic | Retinal Disorders |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9362425/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35932321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-022-05768-6 |
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