Prevalence and correlates of self-reported cardiovascular disease in Mongolia: findings from the 2019 Mongolia STEPS cross-sectional survey

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of cardiovascular disease (ischaemic heart disease and/or stroke (IHDS)) in Mongolia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: National community-based sample of people aged 15–69 years in Mongolia. PARTICIPANTS: 6654 people (15–69 years, mean 41.3) who participated in the 2019 Mongolia STEPS survey. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported prevalence of IHDS and biological and social covariates. Determinants of IHDS were estimated with logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of IHDS was 14.0%, 15.6% among women and 12.3% among men. Older age (45–69 years), being married or cohabiting, and urban residence were positively associated, and male sex was negatively associated, with IHDS. Additionally, experience of threats, hypertension, current tobacco use, passive smoking, sedentary behaviour and high physical activity were positively associated with IHDS. CONCLUSIONS: Almost one in seven people aged 15–69 years had IHDS in Mongolia. Several factors amenable to public health intervention for IHDS were identified, including experience of threats, hypertension, current tobacco use, passive smoking and sedentary behaviour.