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Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites
In human cutaneous leishmaniasis (HCL) caused by Leishmania (L.) major, the cutaneous lesions heal spontaneously and induce a Th1-type immunity that confers solid protection against reinfection. The same holds true for the experimental leishmaniasis induced by L. major in C57BL/6 mice where residual...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9363604/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35967864 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.839216 |
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author | Sghaier, Rabiaa M. Benhnini, Fouad Guerfali, Fatma Z. Attia, Hanène Bali, Aymen Zaatour, Amor Mkannez, Ghada Gharbi, Adel Belhaj-Hamida, Nabil Dridi, Hichem Ben-Salah, Afif Dellagi, Koussay Laouini, Dhafer |
author_facet | Sghaier, Rabiaa M. Benhnini, Fouad Guerfali, Fatma Z. Attia, Hanène Bali, Aymen Zaatour, Amor Mkannez, Ghada Gharbi, Adel Belhaj-Hamida, Nabil Dridi, Hichem Ben-Salah, Afif Dellagi, Koussay Laouini, Dhafer |
author_sort | Sghaier, Rabiaa M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In human cutaneous leishmaniasis (HCL) caused by Leishmania (L.) major, the cutaneous lesions heal spontaneously and induce a Th1-type immunity that confers solid protection against reinfection. The same holds true for the experimental leishmaniasis induced by L. major in C57BL/6 mice where residual parasites persist after spontaneous clinical cure and induce sustainable memory immune responses and resistance to reinfection. Whether residual parasites also persist in scars of cured HCL caused by L. major is still unknown. Cutaneous scars from 53 volunteers with healed HCL caused by L. major were biopsied and the tissue sample homogenates were analyzed for residual parasites by four methods: i) microscope detection of amastigotes, ii) parasite culture by inoculation on biphasic medium, iii) inoculation of tissue exctracts to the footpad of BALB/c mice, an inbred strain highly susceptible to L. major, and iv) amplification of parasite kDNA by a highly sensitive real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Our results show that the scars of healed lesions of HCL caused by L. major do not contain detectable residual parasites, suggesting that this form likely induces a sterile cure at least within the scars. This feature contrasts with other Leishmania species causing chronic, diffuse, or recidivating forms of leishmaniasis where parasites do persist in healed lesions. The possibility that alternative mechanisms to parasite persistence are needed to boost and maintain long-term immunity to L. major, should be taken into consideration in vaccine development against L. major infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9363604 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93636042022-08-11 Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites Sghaier, Rabiaa M. Benhnini, Fouad Guerfali, Fatma Z. Attia, Hanène Bali, Aymen Zaatour, Amor Mkannez, Ghada Gharbi, Adel Belhaj-Hamida, Nabil Dridi, Hichem Ben-Salah, Afif Dellagi, Koussay Laouini, Dhafer Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology In human cutaneous leishmaniasis (HCL) caused by Leishmania (L.) major, the cutaneous lesions heal spontaneously and induce a Th1-type immunity that confers solid protection against reinfection. The same holds true for the experimental leishmaniasis induced by L. major in C57BL/6 mice where residual parasites persist after spontaneous clinical cure and induce sustainable memory immune responses and resistance to reinfection. Whether residual parasites also persist in scars of cured HCL caused by L. major is still unknown. Cutaneous scars from 53 volunteers with healed HCL caused by L. major were biopsied and the tissue sample homogenates were analyzed for residual parasites by four methods: i) microscope detection of amastigotes, ii) parasite culture by inoculation on biphasic medium, iii) inoculation of tissue exctracts to the footpad of BALB/c mice, an inbred strain highly susceptible to L. major, and iv) amplification of parasite kDNA by a highly sensitive real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Our results show that the scars of healed lesions of HCL caused by L. major do not contain detectable residual parasites, suggesting that this form likely induces a sterile cure at least within the scars. This feature contrasts with other Leishmania species causing chronic, diffuse, or recidivating forms of leishmaniasis where parasites do persist in healed lesions. The possibility that alternative mechanisms to parasite persistence are needed to boost and maintain long-term immunity to L. major, should be taken into consideration in vaccine development against L. major infection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9363604/ /pubmed/35967864 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.839216 Text en Copyright © 2022 Sghaier, Benhnini, Guerfali, Attia, Bali, Zaatour, Mkannez, Gharbi, Belhaj-Hamida, Dridi, Ben-Salah, Dellagi and Laouini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Sghaier, Rabiaa M. Benhnini, Fouad Guerfali, Fatma Z. Attia, Hanène Bali, Aymen Zaatour, Amor Mkannez, Ghada Gharbi, Adel Belhaj-Hamida, Nabil Dridi, Hichem Ben-Salah, Afif Dellagi, Koussay Laouini, Dhafer Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites |
title | Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites |
title_full | Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites |
title_fullStr | Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites |
title_full_unstemmed | Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites |
title_short | Healed Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused By Leishmania major Do Not Shelter Persistent Residual Parasites |
title_sort | healed lesions of human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania major do not shelter persistent residual parasites |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9363604/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35967864 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.839216 |
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