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Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)

This paper aims to quantify the micronutrients in black walnut and address its human health benefits. The metabolic profiling of 11 black walnut cultivars was accomplished using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometer. Res...

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Autores principales: Antora, Salma Akter, Ho, Khanh-Van, Lin, Chung-Ho, Thomas, Andrew L., Lovell, Sarah T., Krishnaswamy, Kiruba
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9363771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35967790
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.936189
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author Antora, Salma Akter
Ho, Khanh-Van
Lin, Chung-Ho
Thomas, Andrew L.
Lovell, Sarah T.
Krishnaswamy, Kiruba
author_facet Antora, Salma Akter
Ho, Khanh-Van
Lin, Chung-Ho
Thomas, Andrew L.
Lovell, Sarah T.
Krishnaswamy, Kiruba
author_sort Antora, Salma Akter
collection PubMed
description This paper aims to quantify the micronutrients in black walnut and address its human health benefits. The metabolic profiling of 11 black walnut cultivars was accomplished using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometer. Results revealed that the highest concentration of vitamin B(9) was present in cultivar “Daniel” (avg. relative signal intensity 229.53 × 10(4) mAU). “Surprise” and “Daniel” cultivars had the highest amount of vitamin B(5). However, vitamin A, D(3), E, and K showed no significant difference among the cultivars. The vitamin content levels among the cultivars were compared by applying one way ANOVA method with (P < 0.05) significance level. Mineral analysis for the black walnut kernel, Persian walnut, and black walnut protein powder was done using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission spectroscopy. The experimental data for black walnut kernel is 0.04 mg/g for Fe and 0.03 mg/g for Zn, and for black walnut, protein powder is 0.07 mg/g for Fe and 0.07 mg/g for Zn. The amino acid analysis and comparison with black walnut kernel show that black walnut flour and protein powder have a higher amount of essential and non-essential amino acids. Therefore, researchers, food process engineers, and food product developers should consider the health benefits of black walnuts and explore the commercial potential of this native agroforestry crop.
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spelling pubmed-93637712022-08-11 Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) Antora, Salma Akter Ho, Khanh-Van Lin, Chung-Ho Thomas, Andrew L. Lovell, Sarah T. Krishnaswamy, Kiruba Front Nutr Nutrition This paper aims to quantify the micronutrients in black walnut and address its human health benefits. The metabolic profiling of 11 black walnut cultivars was accomplished using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometer. Results revealed that the highest concentration of vitamin B(9) was present in cultivar “Daniel” (avg. relative signal intensity 229.53 × 10(4) mAU). “Surprise” and “Daniel” cultivars had the highest amount of vitamin B(5). However, vitamin A, D(3), E, and K showed no significant difference among the cultivars. The vitamin content levels among the cultivars were compared by applying one way ANOVA method with (P < 0.05) significance level. Mineral analysis for the black walnut kernel, Persian walnut, and black walnut protein powder was done using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission spectroscopy. The experimental data for black walnut kernel is 0.04 mg/g for Fe and 0.03 mg/g for Zn, and for black walnut, protein powder is 0.07 mg/g for Fe and 0.07 mg/g for Zn. The amino acid analysis and comparison with black walnut kernel show that black walnut flour and protein powder have a higher amount of essential and non-essential amino acids. Therefore, researchers, food process engineers, and food product developers should consider the health benefits of black walnuts and explore the commercial potential of this native agroforestry crop. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9363771/ /pubmed/35967790 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.936189 Text en Copyright © 2022 Antora, Ho, Lin, Thomas, Lovell and Krishnaswamy. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Antora, Salma Akter
Ho, Khanh-Van
Lin, Chung-Ho
Thomas, Andrew L.
Lovell, Sarah T.
Krishnaswamy, Kiruba
Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
title Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
title_full Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
title_fullStr Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
title_full_unstemmed Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
title_short Quantification of Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids in Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
title_sort quantification of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids in black walnut (juglans nigra)
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9363771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35967790
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.936189
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