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Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study sought to improve methods to identify biomarkers in the neuroendocrine system related to stroke progression to improve the accuracy of traditional tools for evaluating stroke prognosis. METHODS: Seventy-four stroke patients and 237 healthy controls were prospective...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9364825/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35968302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.946593 |
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author | Chen, Xu-Guang Shi, Sheng-Yi Hu, Lan Chen, Yu Sun, Han-Wen Zhou, Lei Lu, Zhen-Bing Wang, Huan Wang, Xiao-Shan Yu, Jie Zhao, Yu-Jia Lu, Yi-Ming Ye, Jing |
author_facet | Chen, Xu-Guang Shi, Sheng-Yi Hu, Lan Chen, Yu Sun, Han-Wen Zhou, Lei Lu, Zhen-Bing Wang, Huan Wang, Xiao-Shan Yu, Jie Zhao, Yu-Jia Lu, Yi-Ming Ye, Jing |
author_sort | Chen, Xu-Guang |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study sought to improve methods to identify biomarkers in the neuroendocrine system related to stroke progression to improve the accuracy of traditional tools for evaluating stroke prognosis. METHODS: Seventy-four stroke patients and 237 healthy controls were prospectively included. We measured urinary epinephrine (E), noradrenaline (NE), dopamine (DA) and cortisol (F) on days 1, 3, and 5 after stroke onset and plasma F, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH). The correlation between these hormone levels and 90-day prognosis was analyzed, their value in assessing prognosis was compared with lesion volume and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and their correlation with conventional clinical variables was assessed. RESULTS: Levels of F, 24-h urinary free cortisol(UFC), E, NE, DA, and GH on days 1, 3, and 5 were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (P < 0.01), while ACTH and TSH decreased, gradually approaching normal within 5 days of onset. Levels of E, NE, F, and 24-h UFC were proportional to severity, and all gradually decreased within 5 days of onset in patients with a good prognosis and gradually increased or remained high in those with a poor prognosis. After adjustment for age, sex, NIHSS, or Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, F > 13.6 μg/dL, ACTH > 22.02 pg/mL and NE > 123.5 μg/ 24 h were identified as risk factors for a poor prognosis 90 days after stroke (P < 0.05). The combination of F, ACTH, NE, white blood cell count (WBC), glucose (Glu), and hemoglobin (Hb) was significantly more accurate than lesion volume (AUC: 0.931 vs. 0.694 P = 0.019) and NIHSS score (AUC: 0.931 vs. 0.746 P = 0.034) in predicting poor prognosis of stroke 1 day after onset. Hormones and traditional clinical variables were correlated to varying degrees, with NE correlating most strongly with 24-h UFC (r = 0.54) and moderately positively with lesion volume (r = 0.40) and NIHSS score (r = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS: Stroke causes significant time-phased dynamic changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system, and plasma F, ACTH, and urinary NE levels can be used to assess stroke severity and prognosis. CHINESE CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: Registration Number: ChiCTR1900024992. Registration Date: 2019/8/6. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9364825 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93648252022-08-11 Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke Chen, Xu-Guang Shi, Sheng-Yi Hu, Lan Chen, Yu Sun, Han-Wen Zhou, Lei Lu, Zhen-Bing Wang, Huan Wang, Xiao-Shan Yu, Jie Zhao, Yu-Jia Lu, Yi-Ming Ye, Jing Front Neurol Neurology BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study sought to improve methods to identify biomarkers in the neuroendocrine system related to stroke progression to improve the accuracy of traditional tools for evaluating stroke prognosis. METHODS: Seventy-four stroke patients and 237 healthy controls were prospectively included. We measured urinary epinephrine (E), noradrenaline (NE), dopamine (DA) and cortisol (F) on days 1, 3, and 5 after stroke onset and plasma F, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH). The correlation between these hormone levels and 90-day prognosis was analyzed, their value in assessing prognosis was compared with lesion volume and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and their correlation with conventional clinical variables was assessed. RESULTS: Levels of F, 24-h urinary free cortisol(UFC), E, NE, DA, and GH on days 1, 3, and 5 were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (P < 0.01), while ACTH and TSH decreased, gradually approaching normal within 5 days of onset. Levels of E, NE, F, and 24-h UFC were proportional to severity, and all gradually decreased within 5 days of onset in patients with a good prognosis and gradually increased or remained high in those with a poor prognosis. After adjustment for age, sex, NIHSS, or Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, F > 13.6 μg/dL, ACTH > 22.02 pg/mL and NE > 123.5 μg/ 24 h were identified as risk factors for a poor prognosis 90 days after stroke (P < 0.05). The combination of F, ACTH, NE, white blood cell count (WBC), glucose (Glu), and hemoglobin (Hb) was significantly more accurate than lesion volume (AUC: 0.931 vs. 0.694 P = 0.019) and NIHSS score (AUC: 0.931 vs. 0.746 P = 0.034) in predicting poor prognosis of stroke 1 day after onset. Hormones and traditional clinical variables were correlated to varying degrees, with NE correlating most strongly with 24-h UFC (r = 0.54) and moderately positively with lesion volume (r = 0.40) and NIHSS score (r = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS: Stroke causes significant time-phased dynamic changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system, and plasma F, ACTH, and urinary NE levels can be used to assess stroke severity and prognosis. CHINESE CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: Registration Number: ChiCTR1900024992. Registration Date: 2019/8/6. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9364825/ /pubmed/35968302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.946593 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chen, Shi, Hu, Chen, Sun, Zhou, Lu, Wang, Wang, Yu, Zhao, Lu and Ye. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neurology Chen, Xu-Guang Shi, Sheng-Yi Hu, Lan Chen, Yu Sun, Han-Wen Zhou, Lei Lu, Zhen-Bing Wang, Huan Wang, Xiao-Shan Yu, Jie Zhao, Yu-Jia Lu, Yi-Ming Ye, Jing Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke |
title | Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke |
title_full | Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke |
title_fullStr | Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke |
title_full_unstemmed | Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke |
title_short | Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke |
title_sort | longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke |
topic | Neurology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9364825/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35968302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.946593 |
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