Learning loss and learning recovery

In 2020, most countries closed schools. Two years after the pandemic began, the evidence strongly indicates that school closures result in learning loss. A decrease in learning could decrease future employment prospects and lower future earnings. This means that schooling matters. One promising policy option for mitigating learning losses during closures as well for subsequent learning recovery and acceleration is tutoring. While tutoring is effective, the replicability was demonstrated during the COVID-19 school closures. These online experiments were very cost-effective, showing that it is possible to provide quality instruction across the cost spectrum in different contexts.