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Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors improve the survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers, they also cause a series of immune-related adverse events, which could sometimes be lethal and may hamper the effectiveness of anticancer therapies. The purpose of this stud...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Zhening, Xie, Tong, Qi, Changsong, Zhang, Xiaotian, Shen, Lin, Peng, Zhi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9367581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35954401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153736
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author Zhang, Zhening
Xie, Tong
Qi, Changsong
Zhang, Xiaotian
Shen, Lin
Peng, Zhi
author_facet Zhang, Zhening
Xie, Tong
Qi, Changsong
Zhang, Xiaotian
Shen, Lin
Peng, Zhi
author_sort Zhang, Zhening
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors improve the survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers, they also cause a series of immune-related adverse events, which could sometimes be lethal and may hamper the effectiveness of anticancer therapies. The purpose of this study was to explore clinically accessible biomarkers to predict survival and adverse events in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers treated with checkpoint inhibitors. In a retrospective cohort containing 243 patients, we found that early treatment lines, the presence of immune-related adverse events, and a lower posttreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent factors predicting superior prognosis. Good physical strength and a low posttreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for immune-related adverse events. These findings may assist in identifying patients who are more likely to respond to immunotherapy and suffer from fewer toxicities, which is of great value in guiding clinical decisions. ABSTRACT: Background: Gastrointestinal cancers constitute a major burden of global cancer mortalities. In recent years, the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has greatly improved the survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers, while predictive biomarkers of treatment efficacy and toxicities are still unmet demands. Methods: In our retrospective study, patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers who received single or double immune checkpoint inhibitors in the Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology in Peking University Cancer Hospital between July 2016 and February 2022 were enrolled. Records of clinicopathological information, survival parameters, safety data, and baseline and posttreatment peripheral blood constituents were retrieved. Cox regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the predictive factors of treatment outcomes and immune-related adverse events. Results: We demonstrated that early treatment lines, the presence of immune-related adverse events, and a lower C2 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent factors predicting a superior objective response rate and progression-free survival in patients treated with immunotherapy. Lower ECOG PS, higher baseline albumin, and lower C2 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios were independent risk factors for the onset of immune-related adverse events. Patients who succumbed to immune-related adverse events during immunotherapy presented better survival. Conclusion: Our results indicate that peripheral blood markers have potential for predicting treatment outcomes and immune-related adverse events in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Prospective validations are warranted.
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spelling pubmed-93675812022-08-12 Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors Zhang, Zhening Xie, Tong Qi, Changsong Zhang, Xiaotian Shen, Lin Peng, Zhi Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors improve the survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers, they also cause a series of immune-related adverse events, which could sometimes be lethal and may hamper the effectiveness of anticancer therapies. The purpose of this study was to explore clinically accessible biomarkers to predict survival and adverse events in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers treated with checkpoint inhibitors. In a retrospective cohort containing 243 patients, we found that early treatment lines, the presence of immune-related adverse events, and a lower posttreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent factors predicting superior prognosis. Good physical strength and a low posttreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for immune-related adverse events. These findings may assist in identifying patients who are more likely to respond to immunotherapy and suffer from fewer toxicities, which is of great value in guiding clinical decisions. ABSTRACT: Background: Gastrointestinal cancers constitute a major burden of global cancer mortalities. In recent years, the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has greatly improved the survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers, while predictive biomarkers of treatment efficacy and toxicities are still unmet demands. Methods: In our retrospective study, patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers who received single or double immune checkpoint inhibitors in the Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology in Peking University Cancer Hospital between July 2016 and February 2022 were enrolled. Records of clinicopathological information, survival parameters, safety data, and baseline and posttreatment peripheral blood constituents were retrieved. Cox regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the predictive factors of treatment outcomes and immune-related adverse events. Results: We demonstrated that early treatment lines, the presence of immune-related adverse events, and a lower C2 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent factors predicting a superior objective response rate and progression-free survival in patients treated with immunotherapy. Lower ECOG PS, higher baseline albumin, and lower C2 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios were independent risk factors for the onset of immune-related adverse events. Patients who succumbed to immune-related adverse events during immunotherapy presented better survival. Conclusion: Our results indicate that peripheral blood markers have potential for predicting treatment outcomes and immune-related adverse events in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Prospective validations are warranted. MDPI 2022-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9367581/ /pubmed/35954401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153736 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhang, Zhening
Xie, Tong
Qi, Changsong
Zhang, Xiaotian
Shen, Lin
Peng, Zhi
Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors
title Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors
title_full Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors
title_fullStr Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors
title_full_unstemmed Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors
title_short Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Predictive of Efficacy Outcome and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors
title_sort peripheral blood biomarkers predictive of efficacy outcome and immune-related adverse events in advanced gastrointestinal cancers treated with checkpoint inhibitors
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9367581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35954401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153736
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