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The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome

During mitosis, many cellular structures are organized to segregate the replicated genome to the daughter cells. Chromatin is condensed to shape a mitotic chromosome. A multiprotein complex known as kinetochore is organized on a specific region of each chromosome, the centromere, which is defined by...

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Autores principales: Andonegui-Elguera, Marco A., Cáceres-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo E., López-Saavedra, Alejandro, Cisneros-Soberanis, Fernanda, Justo-Garrido, Montserrat, Díaz-Chávez, José, Herrera, Luis A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9368973/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35955838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158704
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author Andonegui-Elguera, Marco A.
Cáceres-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo E.
López-Saavedra, Alejandro
Cisneros-Soberanis, Fernanda
Justo-Garrido, Montserrat
Díaz-Chávez, José
Herrera, Luis A.
author_facet Andonegui-Elguera, Marco A.
Cáceres-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo E.
López-Saavedra, Alejandro
Cisneros-Soberanis, Fernanda
Justo-Garrido, Montserrat
Díaz-Chávez, José
Herrera, Luis A.
author_sort Andonegui-Elguera, Marco A.
collection PubMed
description During mitosis, many cellular structures are organized to segregate the replicated genome to the daughter cells. Chromatin is condensed to shape a mitotic chromosome. A multiprotein complex known as kinetochore is organized on a specific region of each chromosome, the centromere, which is defined by the presence of a histone H3 variant called CENP-A. The cytoskeleton is re-arranged to give rise to the mitotic spindle that binds to kinetochores and leads to the movement of chromosomes. How chromatin regulates different activities during mitosis is not well known. The role of histone post-translational modifications (HPTMs) in mitosis has been recently revealed. Specific HPTMs participate in local compaction during chromosome condensation. On the other hand, HPTMs are involved in CENP-A incorporation in the centromere region, an essential activity to maintain centromere identity. HPTMs also participate in the formation of regulatory protein complexes, such as the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Finally, we discuss how HPTMs can be modified by environmental factors and the possible consequences on chromosome segregation and genome stability.
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spelling pubmed-93689732022-08-12 The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome Andonegui-Elguera, Marco A. Cáceres-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo E. López-Saavedra, Alejandro Cisneros-Soberanis, Fernanda Justo-Garrido, Montserrat Díaz-Chávez, José Herrera, Luis A. Int J Mol Sci Review During mitosis, many cellular structures are organized to segregate the replicated genome to the daughter cells. Chromatin is condensed to shape a mitotic chromosome. A multiprotein complex known as kinetochore is organized on a specific region of each chromosome, the centromere, which is defined by the presence of a histone H3 variant called CENP-A. The cytoskeleton is re-arranged to give rise to the mitotic spindle that binds to kinetochores and leads to the movement of chromosomes. How chromatin regulates different activities during mitosis is not well known. The role of histone post-translational modifications (HPTMs) in mitosis has been recently revealed. Specific HPTMs participate in local compaction during chromosome condensation. On the other hand, HPTMs are involved in CENP-A incorporation in the centromere region, an essential activity to maintain centromere identity. HPTMs also participate in the formation of regulatory protein complexes, such as the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Finally, we discuss how HPTMs can be modified by environmental factors and the possible consequences on chromosome segregation and genome stability. MDPI 2022-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9368973/ /pubmed/35955838 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158704 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Andonegui-Elguera, Marco A.
Cáceres-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo E.
López-Saavedra, Alejandro
Cisneros-Soberanis, Fernanda
Justo-Garrido, Montserrat
Díaz-Chávez, José
Herrera, Luis A.
The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome
title The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome
title_full The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome
title_fullStr The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome
title_full_unstemmed The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome
title_short The Roles of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in the Formation and Function of a Mitotic Chromosome
title_sort roles of histone post-translational modifications in the formation and function of a mitotic chromosome
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9368973/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35955838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158704
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