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In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis
Helicobacter pylori promotes the secretion of cytokines that regulate inflammation and carcinogenesis. Immune cells secrete cytokines into the extracellular medium or packaged in exosomes. The objective of this study was to analyze the profile of soluble and exosomal cytokines that were secreted by...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9368997/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35955936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158801 |
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author | Atrisco-Morales, Josefina Ramírez, Mónica Castañón-Sánchez, Carlos Alberto Román-Román, Adolfo Román-Fernández, Ilce Valeria Martínez-Carrillo, Dinorah Nashely García-Arellano, Samuel Muñoz-Valle, José Francisco Rodríguez-Ruiz, Hugo Alberto Fernández-Tilapa, Gloria |
author_facet | Atrisco-Morales, Josefina Ramírez, Mónica Castañón-Sánchez, Carlos Alberto Román-Román, Adolfo Román-Fernández, Ilce Valeria Martínez-Carrillo, Dinorah Nashely García-Arellano, Samuel Muñoz-Valle, José Francisco Rodríguez-Ruiz, Hugo Alberto Fernández-Tilapa, Gloria |
author_sort | Atrisco-Morales, Josefina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Helicobacter pylori promotes the secretion of cytokines that regulate inflammation and carcinogenesis. Immune cells secrete cytokines into the extracellular medium or packaged in exosomes. The objective of this study was to analyze the profile of soluble and exosomal cytokines that were secreted by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were infected with H. pylori and to build a network of interaction between cytokines and cellular proteins. PBMCs were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and infected with H. pylori for 24 h. The infection was verified by immunofluorescence and Western blot for CagA. The exosomes were obtained from culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and Western blot for CD9 and CD81. Cytokines were quantified using a multiplex immunoassay in the culture supernatant, intact exosomes, and lysed exosomes. H. pylori adheres to lymphocytes and translocates CagA. In PBMCs, H. pylori induces an increase in the soluble and exosomal IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, and IL-22. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network shows that soluble and exosomal cytokines interact with proteins that participate in signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Jak-STAT, FoxO, and mTOR, that are related to carcinogenesis; moreover, TNF-α had the highest number of interactions. Cytokine-loaded exosomes represent another means of intercellular communication that is activated by H. pylori to stimulate inflammation, carcinogenesis, or cancer progression. Cytokine-loaded exosomes are likely to be associated with extragastrointestinal diseases of inflammatory origin. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9368997 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93689972022-08-12 In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis Atrisco-Morales, Josefina Ramírez, Mónica Castañón-Sánchez, Carlos Alberto Román-Román, Adolfo Román-Fernández, Ilce Valeria Martínez-Carrillo, Dinorah Nashely García-Arellano, Samuel Muñoz-Valle, José Francisco Rodríguez-Ruiz, Hugo Alberto Fernández-Tilapa, Gloria Int J Mol Sci Article Helicobacter pylori promotes the secretion of cytokines that regulate inflammation and carcinogenesis. Immune cells secrete cytokines into the extracellular medium or packaged in exosomes. The objective of this study was to analyze the profile of soluble and exosomal cytokines that were secreted by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were infected with H. pylori and to build a network of interaction between cytokines and cellular proteins. PBMCs were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and infected with H. pylori for 24 h. The infection was verified by immunofluorescence and Western blot for CagA. The exosomes were obtained from culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and Western blot for CD9 and CD81. Cytokines were quantified using a multiplex immunoassay in the culture supernatant, intact exosomes, and lysed exosomes. H. pylori adheres to lymphocytes and translocates CagA. In PBMCs, H. pylori induces an increase in the soluble and exosomal IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, and IL-22. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network shows that soluble and exosomal cytokines interact with proteins that participate in signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Jak-STAT, FoxO, and mTOR, that are related to carcinogenesis; moreover, TNF-α had the highest number of interactions. Cytokine-loaded exosomes represent another means of intercellular communication that is activated by H. pylori to stimulate inflammation, carcinogenesis, or cancer progression. Cytokine-loaded exosomes are likely to be associated with extragastrointestinal diseases of inflammatory origin. MDPI 2022-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9368997/ /pubmed/35955936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158801 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Atrisco-Morales, Josefina Ramírez, Mónica Castañón-Sánchez, Carlos Alberto Román-Román, Adolfo Román-Fernández, Ilce Valeria Martínez-Carrillo, Dinorah Nashely García-Arellano, Samuel Muñoz-Valle, José Francisco Rodríguez-Ruiz, Hugo Alberto Fernández-Tilapa, Gloria In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis |
title | In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis |
title_full | In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis |
title_fullStr | In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis |
title_full_unstemmed | In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis |
title_short | In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Helicobacter pylori Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis |
title_sort | in peripheral blood mononuclear cells helicobacter pylori induces the secretion of soluble and exosomal cytokines related to carcinogenesis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9368997/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35955936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158801 |
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