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Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

Objective: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on the presenting characteristics (age at diagnosis, severity, monthly distribution) of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Spanish children. Research Design and Methods: An ambispective observational multicenter study was...

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Autores principales: Leiva-Gea, Isabel, Antúnez Fernández, Cristina, Cardona-Hernandez, Roque, Ferrer Lozano, Marta, Bahíllo-Curieses, Pilar, Arroyo-Díez, Javier, Clemente León, María, Martín-Frías, Maria, Conde Barreiro, Santiago, Mingorance Delgado, Andrés, Pérez Sánchez, Jacobo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9369057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35893428
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154338
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author Leiva-Gea, Isabel
Antúnez Fernández, Cristina
Cardona-Hernandez, Roque
Ferrer Lozano, Marta
Bahíllo-Curieses, Pilar
Arroyo-Díez, Javier
Clemente León, María
Martín-Frías, Maria
Conde Barreiro, Santiago
Mingorance Delgado, Andrés
Pérez Sánchez, Jacobo
author_facet Leiva-Gea, Isabel
Antúnez Fernández, Cristina
Cardona-Hernandez, Roque
Ferrer Lozano, Marta
Bahíllo-Curieses, Pilar
Arroyo-Díez, Javier
Clemente León, María
Martín-Frías, Maria
Conde Barreiro, Santiago
Mingorance Delgado, Andrés
Pérez Sánchez, Jacobo
author_sort Leiva-Gea, Isabel
collection PubMed
description Objective: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on the presenting characteristics (age at diagnosis, severity, monthly distribution) of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Spanish children. Research Design and Methods: An ambispective observational multicenter study was conducted in nine Spanish tertiary-level hospitals between January 2015 and March 2021. Inclusion criteria: new cases of type 1 diabetes in children (0–14 years) recording age, sex, date of diagnosis, presence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at onset, and severity of DKA. Data were compared before and during the pandemic. Results: We registered 1444 new cases of type 1 diabetes in children: 1085 in the pre-pandemic period (2015–2019) and 359 during the pandemic (2020–March 2021). There was a significant increase in the group aged ≤4 years in the pandemic period (chi-squared = 10.986, df 2, p = 0.0041). In 2020–2021, cases of DKA increased significantly by 12% (95% CI: 7.2–20.4%), with a higher percentage of moderate and severe DKA, although this increase was not significant. In 2020, there was a sharp decrease in the number of cases in March, with a progressive increase from May through November, higher than in the same months of the period 2015–2019, highlighting the increase in the number of cases in June, September, and November. The first three months of 2021 showed a different trend to that observed both in the years 2015–2019 and in 2020, with a marked increase in the number of cases. Conclusions: A change in monthly distribution was described, with an increase in DKA at onset of type 1 diabetes. No differences were found in severity, although there were differences in the age distribution, with an increase in the number of cases in children under 4 years of age.
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spelling pubmed-93690572022-08-12 Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain Leiva-Gea, Isabel Antúnez Fernández, Cristina Cardona-Hernandez, Roque Ferrer Lozano, Marta Bahíllo-Curieses, Pilar Arroyo-Díez, Javier Clemente León, María Martín-Frías, Maria Conde Barreiro, Santiago Mingorance Delgado, Andrés Pérez Sánchez, Jacobo J Clin Med Article Objective: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on the presenting characteristics (age at diagnosis, severity, monthly distribution) of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Spanish children. Research Design and Methods: An ambispective observational multicenter study was conducted in nine Spanish tertiary-level hospitals between January 2015 and March 2021. Inclusion criteria: new cases of type 1 diabetes in children (0–14 years) recording age, sex, date of diagnosis, presence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at onset, and severity of DKA. Data were compared before and during the pandemic. Results: We registered 1444 new cases of type 1 diabetes in children: 1085 in the pre-pandemic period (2015–2019) and 359 during the pandemic (2020–March 2021). There was a significant increase in the group aged ≤4 years in the pandemic period (chi-squared = 10.986, df 2, p = 0.0041). In 2020–2021, cases of DKA increased significantly by 12% (95% CI: 7.2–20.4%), with a higher percentage of moderate and severe DKA, although this increase was not significant. In 2020, there was a sharp decrease in the number of cases in March, with a progressive increase from May through November, higher than in the same months of the period 2015–2019, highlighting the increase in the number of cases in June, September, and November. The first three months of 2021 showed a different trend to that observed both in the years 2015–2019 and in 2020, with a marked increase in the number of cases. Conclusions: A change in monthly distribution was described, with an increase in DKA at onset of type 1 diabetes. No differences were found in severity, although there were differences in the age distribution, with an increase in the number of cases in children under 4 years of age. MDPI 2022-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9369057/ /pubmed/35893428 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154338 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Leiva-Gea, Isabel
Antúnez Fernández, Cristina
Cardona-Hernandez, Roque
Ferrer Lozano, Marta
Bahíllo-Curieses, Pilar
Arroyo-Díez, Javier
Clemente León, María
Martín-Frías, Maria
Conde Barreiro, Santiago
Mingorance Delgado, Andrés
Pérez Sánchez, Jacobo
Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
title Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
title_full Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
title_fullStr Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
title_full_unstemmed Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
title_short Increased Presentation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Changes in Age and Month of Type 1 Diabetes at Onset during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
title_sort increased presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis and changes in age and month of type 1 diabetes at onset during the covid-19 pandemic in spain
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9369057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35893428
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154338
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