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Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents
In recent decades, molecular hybridization has proven to be an efficient tool for obtaining new synthetic molecules to treat different diseases. Based on the core idea of covalently combining at least two pharmacophore fragments present in different drugs and/or bioactive molecules, the new hybrids...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9370406/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35956896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154948 |
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author | Mancini, Ines Vigna, Jacopo Sighel, Denise Defant, Andrea |
author_facet | Mancini, Ines Vigna, Jacopo Sighel, Denise Defant, Andrea |
author_sort | Mancini, Ines |
collection | PubMed |
description | In recent decades, molecular hybridization has proven to be an efficient tool for obtaining new synthetic molecules to treat different diseases. Based on the core idea of covalently combining at least two pharmacophore fragments present in different drugs and/or bioactive molecules, the new hybrids have shown advantages when compared with the compounds of origin. Hybridization could be successfully applied to anticancer drug discovery, where efforts are underway to develop novel therapeutics which are safer and more effective than those currently in use. Molecules presenting naphthoquinone moieties are involved in redox processes and in other molecular mechanisms affecting cancer cells. Naphthoquinones have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and are considered privileged structures and useful templates in the design of hybrids. The present work aims at summarizing the current knowledge on antitumor hybrids built using 1,4- and 1,2-naphthoquinone (present in natural compounds as lawsone, napabucasin, plumbagin, lapachol, α-lapachone, and β -lapachone), and the related quinolone- and isoquinolinedione scaffolds reported in the literature up to 2021. In detail, the design and synthetic approaches adopted to produce the reported compounds are highlighted, the structural fragments considered in hybridization and their biological activities are described, and the structure–activity relationships and the computational analyses applied are underlined. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9370406 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93704062022-08-12 Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents Mancini, Ines Vigna, Jacopo Sighel, Denise Defant, Andrea Molecules Review In recent decades, molecular hybridization has proven to be an efficient tool for obtaining new synthetic molecules to treat different diseases. Based on the core idea of covalently combining at least two pharmacophore fragments present in different drugs and/or bioactive molecules, the new hybrids have shown advantages when compared with the compounds of origin. Hybridization could be successfully applied to anticancer drug discovery, where efforts are underway to develop novel therapeutics which are safer and more effective than those currently in use. Molecules presenting naphthoquinone moieties are involved in redox processes and in other molecular mechanisms affecting cancer cells. Naphthoquinones have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and are considered privileged structures and useful templates in the design of hybrids. The present work aims at summarizing the current knowledge on antitumor hybrids built using 1,4- and 1,2-naphthoquinone (present in natural compounds as lawsone, napabucasin, plumbagin, lapachol, α-lapachone, and β -lapachone), and the related quinolone- and isoquinolinedione scaffolds reported in the literature up to 2021. In detail, the design and synthetic approaches adopted to produce the reported compounds are highlighted, the structural fragments considered in hybridization and their biological activities are described, and the structure–activity relationships and the computational analyses applied are underlined. MDPI 2022-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9370406/ /pubmed/35956896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154948 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mancini, Ines Vigna, Jacopo Sighel, Denise Defant, Andrea Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
title | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
title_full | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
title_fullStr | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
title_short | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
title_sort | hybrid molecules containing naphthoquinone and quinolinedione scaffolds as antineoplastic agents |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9370406/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35956896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154948 |
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