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BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment

In the last few years, the Internet of things (IoT) has recently gained attention in developing various smart city applications such as smart healthcare, smart supply chain, smart home, smart grid, etc. The existing literature focuses on the smart healthcare system as a public emergency service (PES...

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Autores principales: Bhawana, Kumar, Sushil, Rathore, Rajkumar Singh, Mahmud, Mufti, Kaiwartya, Omprakash, Lloret, Jaime
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9370938/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35957292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155733
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author Bhawana,
Kumar, Sushil
Rathore, Rajkumar Singh
Mahmud, Mufti
Kaiwartya, Omprakash
Lloret, Jaime
author_facet Bhawana,
Kumar, Sushil
Rathore, Rajkumar Singh
Mahmud, Mufti
Kaiwartya, Omprakash
Lloret, Jaime
author_sort Bhawana,
collection PubMed
description In the last few years, the Internet of things (IoT) has recently gained attention in developing various smart city applications such as smart healthcare, smart supply chain, smart home, smart grid, etc. The existing literature focuses on the smart healthcare system as a public emergency service (PES) to provide timely treatment to the patient. However, little attention is given to a distributed smart fire brigade system as a PES to protect human life and properties from severe fire damage. The traditional PES are developed on a centralised system, which requires high computation and does not ensure timely service fulfilment. Furthermore, these traditional PESs suffer from a lack of trust, transparency, data integrity, and a single point of failure issue. In this context, this paper proposes a Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted (BEST) framework for PES in the smart city environment. The BEST framework focuses on providing a fire brigade service as a PES to the smart home based on IoT device information to protect it from serious fire damage. Further, we used two edge computing servers, an IoT controller and a service controller. The IoT and service controller are used for local storage and to enhance the data processing speed of PES requests and PES fulfilments, respectively. The IoT controller manages an access control list to keep track of registered IoT gateways and their IoT devices, avoiding misguiding the PES department. The service controller utilised the queue model to handle the PES requests based on the minimum service queue length. Further, various smart contracts are designed on the Hyperledger Fabric platform to automatically call a PES either in the presence or absence of the smart-home owner under uncertain environmental conditions. The performance evaluation of the proposed BEST framework indicates the benefits of utilising the distributed environment and the smart contract logic. The various simulation results are evaluated in terms of service queue length, utilisation, actual arrival time, expected arrival time, number of PES departments, number of PES providers, and end-to-end delay. These simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the BEST framework.
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spelling pubmed-93709382022-08-12 BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment Bhawana, Kumar, Sushil Rathore, Rajkumar Singh Mahmud, Mufti Kaiwartya, Omprakash Lloret, Jaime Sensors (Basel) Article In the last few years, the Internet of things (IoT) has recently gained attention in developing various smart city applications such as smart healthcare, smart supply chain, smart home, smart grid, etc. The existing literature focuses on the smart healthcare system as a public emergency service (PES) to provide timely treatment to the patient. However, little attention is given to a distributed smart fire brigade system as a PES to protect human life and properties from severe fire damage. The traditional PES are developed on a centralised system, which requires high computation and does not ensure timely service fulfilment. Furthermore, these traditional PESs suffer from a lack of trust, transparency, data integrity, and a single point of failure issue. In this context, this paper proposes a Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted (BEST) framework for PES in the smart city environment. The BEST framework focuses on providing a fire brigade service as a PES to the smart home based on IoT device information to protect it from serious fire damage. Further, we used two edge computing servers, an IoT controller and a service controller. The IoT and service controller are used for local storage and to enhance the data processing speed of PES requests and PES fulfilments, respectively. The IoT controller manages an access control list to keep track of registered IoT gateways and their IoT devices, avoiding misguiding the PES department. The service controller utilised the queue model to handle the PES requests based on the minimum service queue length. Further, various smart contracts are designed on the Hyperledger Fabric platform to automatically call a PES either in the presence or absence of the smart-home owner under uncertain environmental conditions. The performance evaluation of the proposed BEST framework indicates the benefits of utilising the distributed environment and the smart contract logic. The various simulation results are evaluated in terms of service queue length, utilisation, actual arrival time, expected arrival time, number of PES departments, number of PES providers, and end-to-end delay. These simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the BEST framework. MDPI 2022-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9370938/ /pubmed/35957292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155733 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bhawana,
Kumar, Sushil
Rathore, Rajkumar Singh
Mahmud, Mufti
Kaiwartya, Omprakash
Lloret, Jaime
BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment
title BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment
title_full BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment
title_fullStr BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment
title_full_unstemmed BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment
title_short BEST—Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Trusted Public Emergency Services for Smart Cities Environment
title_sort best—blockchain-enabled secure and trusted public emergency services for smart cities environment
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9370938/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35957292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155733
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