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Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio

Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are versatile polymers presenting a broad range of properties as a result of their countless combination of raw materials—in essence, isocyanates, polyols, and chain extenders. This study highlights the effect of two different chain extenders and their combination...

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Autores principales: Ernzen, Juliano R., Romoaldo, Carlos H., Gommes, Cedric, Covas, José A., Marcos-Fernández, Angel, Fiorio, Rudinei, Bianchi, Otávio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9371192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35956679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153164
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author Ernzen, Juliano R.
Romoaldo, Carlos H.
Gommes, Cedric
Covas, José A.
Marcos-Fernández, Angel
Fiorio, Rudinei
Bianchi, Otávio
author_facet Ernzen, Juliano R.
Romoaldo, Carlos H.
Gommes, Cedric
Covas, José A.
Marcos-Fernández, Angel
Fiorio, Rudinei
Bianchi, Otávio
author_sort Ernzen, Juliano R.
collection PubMed
description Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are versatile polymers presenting a broad range of properties as a result of their countless combination of raw materials—in essence, isocyanates, polyols, and chain extenders. This study highlights the effect of two different chain extenders and their combination on the structure–property relationships of TPUs synthesized by reactive extrusion. The TPUs were obtained from 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polyester diols, and the chain extenders 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and dipropylene glycol (DPG). The BDO/DPG ratios studied were 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 wt.%. The TPUs were characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and physical-mechanical properties. The results indicate that DPG promotes compatibility between rigid (HS) and flexible (SS) segments of TPUs. Consequently, increasing DPG content (>75 wt.%) reduced the organization of the rigid segments and the degree of phase separation, increasing the polydispersity of the interdomain distance and the transparency in the UV–visible spectrum of the TPUs. Furthermore, increasing DPG content also reduced the amount of hydrogen bonds present in the rigid phase, reducing or extinguishing its glass transition temperature (T(gHS)) and melting temperature (T(m)), and increasing the glass transition temperature of the flexible phase (T(gSS)). Therefore, increasing DPG content leads to a deterioration in mechanical properties and hydrolysis resistance.
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spelling pubmed-93711922022-08-12 Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio Ernzen, Juliano R. Romoaldo, Carlos H. Gommes, Cedric Covas, José A. Marcos-Fernández, Angel Fiorio, Rudinei Bianchi, Otávio Polymers (Basel) Article Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are versatile polymers presenting a broad range of properties as a result of their countless combination of raw materials—in essence, isocyanates, polyols, and chain extenders. This study highlights the effect of two different chain extenders and their combination on the structure–property relationships of TPUs synthesized by reactive extrusion. The TPUs were obtained from 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polyester diols, and the chain extenders 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and dipropylene glycol (DPG). The BDO/DPG ratios studied were 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 wt.%. The TPUs were characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and physical-mechanical properties. The results indicate that DPG promotes compatibility between rigid (HS) and flexible (SS) segments of TPUs. Consequently, increasing DPG content (>75 wt.%) reduced the organization of the rigid segments and the degree of phase separation, increasing the polydispersity of the interdomain distance and the transparency in the UV–visible spectrum of the TPUs. Furthermore, increasing DPG content also reduced the amount of hydrogen bonds present in the rigid phase, reducing or extinguishing its glass transition temperature (T(gHS)) and melting temperature (T(m)), and increasing the glass transition temperature of the flexible phase (T(gSS)). Therefore, increasing DPG content leads to a deterioration in mechanical properties and hydrolysis resistance. MDPI 2022-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9371192/ /pubmed/35956679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153164 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ernzen, Juliano R.
Romoaldo, Carlos H.
Gommes, Cedric
Covas, José A.
Marcos-Fernández, Angel
Fiorio, Rudinei
Bianchi, Otávio
Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio
title Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio
title_full Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio
title_fullStr Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio
title_full_unstemmed Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio
title_short Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio
title_sort tuning thermal, morphological, and physicochemical properties of thermoplastic polyurethanes (tpus) by the 1,4-butanediol (bdo)/dipropylene glycol (dpg) ratio
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9371192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35956679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153164
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