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Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the least studied complication of nephrotic syndrome (NS). Risk factors which predispose children with NS to developing PAD include hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and prolonged use of steroids. The development of PAD significantly increases the morbidity and morta...

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Autores principales: Akinyosoye, Gbenga, Solarin, Adaobi U., Dada, Adeyemi, Adekunle, Motunrayo O., Oladimeji, Alaba B., Owolabi, Adeola O., Akinsola, Clement M., Animasahun, Barakat A., Njokanma, Fidelis O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9371348/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35951636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266432
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author Akinyosoye, Gbenga
Solarin, Adaobi U.
Dada, Adeyemi
Adekunle, Motunrayo O.
Oladimeji, Alaba B.
Owolabi, Adeola O.
Akinsola, Clement M.
Animasahun, Barakat A.
Njokanma, Fidelis O.
author_facet Akinyosoye, Gbenga
Solarin, Adaobi U.
Dada, Adeyemi
Adekunle, Motunrayo O.
Oladimeji, Alaba B.
Owolabi, Adeola O.
Akinsola, Clement M.
Animasahun, Barakat A.
Njokanma, Fidelis O.
author_sort Akinyosoye, Gbenga
collection PubMed
description Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the least studied complication of nephrotic syndrome (NS). Risk factors which predispose children with NS to developing PAD include hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and prolonged use of steroids. The development of PAD significantly increases the morbidity and mortality associated with NS as such children are prone to sudden cardiac death. The ankle brachial index (ABI) is a tool that has been proven to have high specificity and sensitivity in detecting PAD even in asymptomatic individuals. We aimed to determine the prevalence of PAD in children with NS and to identify risk factors that can independently predict its development. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 200 subjects (100 with NS and 100 apparently healthy comparative subjects that were matched for age, sex and socioeconomic class). Systolic blood pressures were measured in all limbs using the pocket Doppler machine (Norton Doppler scan machine). ABI was calculated as a ratio of ankle to arm systolic blood pressure. PAD was defined as ABI less than 0.9. The prevalence of PAD was significantly higher in children with NS than matched comparison group (44.0% vs 6.0%, p < 0.001). Average values of waist and hip circumference were significantly higher in subjects with PAD than those without PAD (61.68± 9.1cm and 67.6± 11.2 cm vs 57.03 ± 8.3cm and 65.60± 12.5cm respectively, p< 0.005). Serum lipids (triglyceride, very low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein) were also significantly higher in subjects with PAD than those without PAD [106.65mg/dl (67.8–136.7) vs 45.72mg/dl (37.7–61.3), 21.33mg/dl (13.6–27.3) vs 9.14mg/dl (7.5–12.3), 164.43mg/dl (136.1–259.6) vs 120.72mg/dl (111.1–142.1) and 93.29mg/dl (63.5–157.3) vs 61.84mg/dl (32.6–83.1), respectively p< 0.05]. Increasing duration since diagnosis of NS, having a steroid resistant NS and increasing cumulative steroid dose were independent predictors of PAD in children with NS; p< 0.05 respectively. With these findings, it is recommended that screening for PAD in children with NS should be done to prevent cardiovascular complications before they arise.
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spelling pubmed-93713482022-08-12 Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome Akinyosoye, Gbenga Solarin, Adaobi U. Dada, Adeyemi Adekunle, Motunrayo O. Oladimeji, Alaba B. Owolabi, Adeola O. Akinsola, Clement M. Animasahun, Barakat A. Njokanma, Fidelis O. PLoS One Research Article Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the least studied complication of nephrotic syndrome (NS). Risk factors which predispose children with NS to developing PAD include hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and prolonged use of steroids. The development of PAD significantly increases the morbidity and mortality associated with NS as such children are prone to sudden cardiac death. The ankle brachial index (ABI) is a tool that has been proven to have high specificity and sensitivity in detecting PAD even in asymptomatic individuals. We aimed to determine the prevalence of PAD in children with NS and to identify risk factors that can independently predict its development. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 200 subjects (100 with NS and 100 apparently healthy comparative subjects that were matched for age, sex and socioeconomic class). Systolic blood pressures were measured in all limbs using the pocket Doppler machine (Norton Doppler scan machine). ABI was calculated as a ratio of ankle to arm systolic blood pressure. PAD was defined as ABI less than 0.9. The prevalence of PAD was significantly higher in children with NS than matched comparison group (44.0% vs 6.0%, p < 0.001). Average values of waist and hip circumference were significantly higher in subjects with PAD than those without PAD (61.68± 9.1cm and 67.6± 11.2 cm vs 57.03 ± 8.3cm and 65.60± 12.5cm respectively, p< 0.005). Serum lipids (triglyceride, very low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein) were also significantly higher in subjects with PAD than those without PAD [106.65mg/dl (67.8–136.7) vs 45.72mg/dl (37.7–61.3), 21.33mg/dl (13.6–27.3) vs 9.14mg/dl (7.5–12.3), 164.43mg/dl (136.1–259.6) vs 120.72mg/dl (111.1–142.1) and 93.29mg/dl (63.5–157.3) vs 61.84mg/dl (32.6–83.1), respectively p< 0.05]. Increasing duration since diagnosis of NS, having a steroid resistant NS and increasing cumulative steroid dose were independent predictors of PAD in children with NS; p< 0.05 respectively. With these findings, it is recommended that screening for PAD in children with NS should be done to prevent cardiovascular complications before they arise. Public Library of Science 2022-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9371348/ /pubmed/35951636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266432 Text en © 2022 Akinyosoye et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Akinyosoye, Gbenga
Solarin, Adaobi U.
Dada, Adeyemi
Adekunle, Motunrayo O.
Oladimeji, Alaba B.
Owolabi, Adeola O.
Akinsola, Clement M.
Animasahun, Barakat A.
Njokanma, Fidelis O.
Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome
title Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome
title_full Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome
title_fullStr Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome
title_short Prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome
title_sort prevalence and determinants of peripheral arterial disease in children with nephrotic syndrome
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9371348/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35951636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266432
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