A Secrecy Transmission Protocol with Energy Harvesting for Federated Learning

In federated learning (FL), model parameters of deep learning are communicated between clients and the central server. To better train deep learning models, the spectrum resource and transmission security need to be guaranteed. Toward this end, we propose a secrecy transmission protocol based on energy harvesting and jammer selection for FL, in which the secondary transmitters can harvest energy from the primary source. Specifically, a secondary transmitter [Formula: see text] is first selected, which can offer the best transmission performance for the secondary users to access the primary frequency spectrum. Then, another secondary transmitter [Formula: see text] , which has the best channel for eavesdropping, is also chosen as a friendly jammer to provide secrecy service. Furthermore, we use outage probability (OP) and intercept probability (IP) as metrics to evaluate performance. Meanwhile, we also derive closed-form expressions of OP and IP of primary users and OP of secondary users for the proposed protocol, respectively. We also conduct a theoretical analysis of the optimal secondary transmission selection (OSTS) protocol. Finally, the performance of the proposed protocol is validated through numerical experiments. The results show that the secrecy performance of the proposed protocol is better than the OSTS and OCJS, respectively.