Prognostic Analysis of Liver Cirrhosis Patients with Cerebral Infarction and/or Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Cohort Study

BACKGROUND: To explore the risk factors of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and/or cerebral infarction complications in liver cirrhosis and provide evidence for early prevention, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of liver cirrhosis. METHODS: 200 liver cirrhosis patients were analyzed: liver cirrhosis (n = 78), liver cirrhosis complicated with cerebral infarction (n = 43), liver cirrhosis complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage (n = 57), and liver cirrhosis complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and cerebral infarction (n = 22). The incidence of disease in each group of patients at different times was calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of liver cirrhosis patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. After 12 months of follow-up, the mortality rate of each group was calculated. RESULTS: The incidences of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage combined with cerebral infarction in patients with liver cirrhosis were 21.5%, 28.5%, and 11%, respectively. The width of the portal vein, D-2 polymer, albumin (ALB), and hemoglobin (Hb) were predictors of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in patients with liver cirrhosis. Age, hypertension, bleeding history, infection, portal vein width, and D-2 polymer were confirmed as risk factors for gastrointestinal hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in patients with liver cirrhosis. ALB and Hb were independent protective factors. Patients with liver cirrhosis and gastrointestinal hemorrhage with cerebral infarction had the worst survival. CONCLUSION: Age, hypertension, bleeding history, infection, portal vein width, and D-2 polymer are all independent risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding and cerebral infarction, while ALB and Hb are independent protective factors.