Novel magnetic iron–nickel/poly(ethersulfone) mixed matrix membranes for oxygen separation potential without applying an external magnetic field

This work presents novel magnetic mixed matrix poly(ethersulfone) (PES) membranes that combine the advantages of low-cost common PES polymer and low-cost iron–nickel magnetic alloys. Moreover, the presented magnetic mixed matrix PES membranes were fabricated and used without applying an external magnetic field during either the membrane casting or the separating process. The fabricated magnetic membranes were prepared using the phase inversion technique and N-methylpyrrolidone and N,N‐Dimethylformamide solvents mixture with volumetric ratio 1:9 and Lithium chloride as an additive. The used iron–nickel magnetic alloys were prepared by a simple chemical reduction method with unique morphologies (Fe(10)Ni(90); starfish-like and Fe(20)Ni(80); necklace-like). The fabricated membranes were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Scanning-Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) imaging, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Thermogravimetric (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also, static water contact angle, membrane thickness, surface roughness, membrane porosity, membrane tensile strength as well as Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) analysis and oxygen transition rate (OTR) were determined. Moreover, the effect of alloy concentration and using Lithium chloride as an additive on the properties of the fabricated blank PES and magnetic mixed matrix PES membranes were studied. The presented novel magnetic mixed matrix PES membranes have high coercivity up to 106 (emu/g) with 3.61 × 10(–5) cm(3)/cm(2)·s OTR compared to non-oxygen permeable blank PES membranes. The presented novel magnetic mixed matrix PES membranes have good potential in (oxygen) gas separation.