Brainstem abscesses caused by Listeria monocytogenes: A case report

BACKGROUND: Intracranial Listeria infections are common in newborns and immunocompromised individuals, but brainstem abscesses are rare. CASE SUMMARY: We report a rare case of brainstem abscesses caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a previously healthy adult patient. The patient’s magnetic resonance imaging examination showed multiple brain abscesses, and his second cerebrospinal fluid culture test indicated the presence of Listeria monocytogenes. Despite early empirical therapy, the patient’s condition progressively deteriorated. Because the patient's abscesses were located in the brainstem and multiple lobes, surgery was not possible. The patient died 40 d after admission. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the importance of rational clinical use of drugs to avoid potentially serious infectious complications.