Analysis of Bone Loss around Cemented and Biologic Prostheses after Hemiarthroplasty

OBJECTIVE: To perform hemiarthroplasty (HA) on elderly patients with femoral neck fractures using cemented and biologic prostheses and then compare the bone loss around the two types of prostheses after surgery. METHODS: A total of 60 patients aged over 75 years (with a mean age of 83.5 years) and suffering from femoral neck fracture (Garden types III and IV) from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected; they were randomly divided into group A (n = 30, cemented prostheses) and group B (n = 30, biologic prostheses) and received HA. At 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery, Harris Hip Scale (HHS) was adopted for patient evaluation, and patients' bone mineral density (BMD) of the 7 Gruen zones around the prostheses was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA scan). RESULTS: Both groups achieved satisfactory results postoperatively, and the Harris scores of the hips increased gradually over time, which were better in group A than in group B. Gruen zones in group A showed a slower trend of decreasing BMD than group B, and the differences were significant at zones 2, 3, and 4 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: For elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, selecting cemented prosthesis for HA better recovers the hip function and has a low rate of bone loss around the prosthesis.