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Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries

Environmental quality has been pondered as an essential aspect of sustainable development across the global economies. Several factors such as economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures drastically influence environmental quality. More specifically, the t...

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Autores principales: Hussain, Zahid, Khan, Muhammad Kaleem, Shaheen, Wasim Abbass
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9374644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35347621
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19580-6
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author Hussain, Zahid
Khan, Muhammad Kaleem
Shaheen, Wasim Abbass
author_facet Hussain, Zahid
Khan, Muhammad Kaleem
Shaheen, Wasim Abbass
author_sort Hussain, Zahid
collection PubMed
description Environmental quality has been pondered as an essential aspect of sustainable development across the global economies. Several factors such as economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures drastically influence environmental quality. More specifically, the transport sector is a major contributor to carbon emissions which deteriorate the environmental quality. Therefore, this study investigates whether economic development, transportation, environmental expenditures, and income inequality affect transport-carbon emissions for the OECD countries. Furthermore, panel time-series data period from 2000 to 2020 and cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag method are used for transport-oriented environmental examination. Results demonstrate that transportation upsurges transport-carbon emission level by 46.45% on average. Moreover, the joint effect of economic development and environmental taxes significantly reduces transport-carbon emissions by 14.70%. Findings further suggest that an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between economic development and transport emission. Besides, income inequality, environmental expenditures, and green transportation are negatively associated with the coefficient of transport-carbon emissions. More interestingly, income inequality is negatively correlated with transport-carbon emissions across the sample countries. Furthermore, the joint effect of income inequality and economic development increases the emission level released by the transport sector. Thus, this research recommends some policies: countries should control traffic movements and increase environmental expenditures, and produce green transport vehicles to tackle environmental issues.
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spelling pubmed-93746442022-08-14 Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries Hussain, Zahid Khan, Muhammad Kaleem Shaheen, Wasim Abbass Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Research Article Environmental quality has been pondered as an essential aspect of sustainable development across the global economies. Several factors such as economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures drastically influence environmental quality. More specifically, the transport sector is a major contributor to carbon emissions which deteriorate the environmental quality. Therefore, this study investigates whether economic development, transportation, environmental expenditures, and income inequality affect transport-carbon emissions for the OECD countries. Furthermore, panel time-series data period from 2000 to 2020 and cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag method are used for transport-oriented environmental examination. Results demonstrate that transportation upsurges transport-carbon emission level by 46.45% on average. Moreover, the joint effect of economic development and environmental taxes significantly reduces transport-carbon emissions by 14.70%. Findings further suggest that an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between economic development and transport emission. Besides, income inequality, environmental expenditures, and green transportation are negatively associated with the coefficient of transport-carbon emissions. More interestingly, income inequality is negatively correlated with transport-carbon emissions across the sample countries. Furthermore, the joint effect of income inequality and economic development increases the emission level released by the transport sector. Thus, this research recommends some policies: countries should control traffic movements and increase environmental expenditures, and produce green transport vehicles to tackle environmental issues. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-03-26 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9374644/ /pubmed/35347621 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19580-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Hussain, Zahid
Khan, Muhammad Kaleem
Shaheen, Wasim Abbass
Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries
title Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries
title_full Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries
title_fullStr Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries
title_full_unstemmed Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries
title_short Effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from OECD countries
title_sort effect of economic development, income inequality, transportation, and environmental expenditures on transport emissions: evidence from oecd countries
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9374644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35347621
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19580-6
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