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Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with alterations to brain white matter microstructure. Previous studies of PAE have demonstrated different findings in young children compared to older children and adolescents, suggesting altered developmental trajectories and highlighting the need for...

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Autores principales: Kar, Preeti, Reynolds, Jess E., Gibbard, William Ben, McMorris, Carly, Tortorelli, Christina, Lebel, Catherine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9374879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35596624
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25944
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author Kar, Preeti
Reynolds, Jess E.
Gibbard, William Ben
McMorris, Carly
Tortorelli, Christina
Lebel, Catherine
author_facet Kar, Preeti
Reynolds, Jess E.
Gibbard, William Ben
McMorris, Carly
Tortorelli, Christina
Lebel, Catherine
author_sort Kar, Preeti
collection PubMed
description Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with alterations to brain white matter microstructure. Previous studies of PAE have demonstrated different findings in young children compared to older children and adolescents, suggesting altered developmental trajectories and highlighting the need for longitudinal research. 122 datasets in 54 children with PAE (27 males) and 196 datasets in 89 children without PAE (45 males) were included in this analysis. Children underwent diffusion tensor imaging between 2 and 8 years of age, returning approximately every 6 months. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were obtained for 10 major brain white matter tracts and examined for age‐related changes using linear mixed effects models with age, sex, group (PAE vs. control) and an age‐by‐group interaction. Children with PAE had slower decreases of MD over time in the genu of the corpus callosum, inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus. No significant age‐by‐group interactions were noted for FA. These findings show slower white matter development in young children with PAE than in unexposed controls. This connects previous cross‐sectional findings of lower MD in young children with PAE to findings of higher MD in older children and adolescents with PAE, and further helps to understand brain development in children with PAE. This deviation from typical development trajectories may reflect altered brain plasticity, which has implications for cognitive and behavioral learning in children with PAE.
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spelling pubmed-93748792022-08-17 Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure Kar, Preeti Reynolds, Jess E. Gibbard, William Ben McMorris, Carly Tortorelli, Christina Lebel, Catherine Hum Brain Mapp Research Articles Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with alterations to brain white matter microstructure. Previous studies of PAE have demonstrated different findings in young children compared to older children and adolescents, suggesting altered developmental trajectories and highlighting the need for longitudinal research. 122 datasets in 54 children with PAE (27 males) and 196 datasets in 89 children without PAE (45 males) were included in this analysis. Children underwent diffusion tensor imaging between 2 and 8 years of age, returning approximately every 6 months. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were obtained for 10 major brain white matter tracts and examined for age‐related changes using linear mixed effects models with age, sex, group (PAE vs. control) and an age‐by‐group interaction. Children with PAE had slower decreases of MD over time in the genu of the corpus callosum, inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus. No significant age‐by‐group interactions were noted for FA. These findings show slower white matter development in young children with PAE than in unexposed controls. This connects previous cross‐sectional findings of lower MD in young children with PAE to findings of higher MD in older children and adolescents with PAE, and further helps to understand brain development in children with PAE. This deviation from typical development trajectories may reflect altered brain plasticity, which has implications for cognitive and behavioral learning in children with PAE. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9374879/ /pubmed/35596624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25944 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Kar, Preeti
Reynolds, Jess E.
Gibbard, William Ben
McMorris, Carly
Tortorelli, Christina
Lebel, Catherine
Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure
title Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure
title_full Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure
title_fullStr Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure
title_full_unstemmed Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure
title_short Trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure
title_sort trajectories of brain white matter development in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9374879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35596624
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25944
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