Cargando…

In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder

Earlier research revealed that cocaine users display impairments in emotional but not necessarily in cognitive empathy. However, no study to date has tested whether empathy is generally altered or whether impairments are restricted to specific social targets. The current investigation addresses this...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Aue, Tatjana, Kexel, Ann-Kathrin, Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno, Bührer, Stephanie, Baumgartner, Markus R., Soravia, Leila M., Quednow, Boris B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9376468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35978850
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.879016
_version_ 1784768166666174464
author Aue, Tatjana
Kexel, Ann-Kathrin
Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno
Bührer, Stephanie
Baumgartner, Markus R.
Soravia, Leila M.
Quednow, Boris B.
author_facet Aue, Tatjana
Kexel, Ann-Kathrin
Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno
Bührer, Stephanie
Baumgartner, Markus R.
Soravia, Leila M.
Quednow, Boris B.
author_sort Aue, Tatjana
collection PubMed
description Earlier research revealed that cocaine users display impairments in emotional but not necessarily in cognitive empathy. However, no study to date has tested whether empathy is generally altered or whether impairments are restricted to specific social targets. The current investigation addresses this open question. In addition, we examined whether attributions of warmth and competence as well as personal future expectancies differed between cocaine users and substance-naïve controls. Twenty-two chronic cocaine users and 40 stimulant-naïve controls specified their perceived warmth and competence for four social targets [in-group member, opposite consumption out-group member (cocaine user for controls and non-user for cocaine user), opposite consumption out-group member of opposite gender, and elderly person]. They also specified their cognitive and emotional empathy for these four targets facing eight desirable and eight undesirable events. Finally, they rated the likelihood of these scenarios happening to themselves. Both cocaine users and controls attributed lower warmth to cocaine-using than non-using targets. Comparably, no in-group preference was observed in cocaine user’s emotional empathy ratings, and greater denigration of the in-group was associated with higher frequency and doses of cocaine consumption. In addition, cocaine users rated both desirable and undesirable events as more likely to happen to themselves than did controls. Results show that substance-naïve individuals stigmatize cocaine users. They further point to compromised self-esteem in cocaine users resulting from such stigmatization. Interventions should address stigmatization processes to break the vicious circle of mutual social distancing and stronger dedication to the drug.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9376468
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-93764682022-08-16 In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder Aue, Tatjana Kexel, Ann-Kathrin Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno Bührer, Stephanie Baumgartner, Markus R. Soravia, Leila M. Quednow, Boris B. Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Earlier research revealed that cocaine users display impairments in emotional but not necessarily in cognitive empathy. However, no study to date has tested whether empathy is generally altered or whether impairments are restricted to specific social targets. The current investigation addresses this open question. In addition, we examined whether attributions of warmth and competence as well as personal future expectancies differed between cocaine users and substance-naïve controls. Twenty-two chronic cocaine users and 40 stimulant-naïve controls specified their perceived warmth and competence for four social targets [in-group member, opposite consumption out-group member (cocaine user for controls and non-user for cocaine user), opposite consumption out-group member of opposite gender, and elderly person]. They also specified their cognitive and emotional empathy for these four targets facing eight desirable and eight undesirable events. Finally, they rated the likelihood of these scenarios happening to themselves. Both cocaine users and controls attributed lower warmth to cocaine-using than non-using targets. Comparably, no in-group preference was observed in cocaine user’s emotional empathy ratings, and greater denigration of the in-group was associated with higher frequency and doses of cocaine consumption. In addition, cocaine users rated both desirable and undesirable events as more likely to happen to themselves than did controls. Results show that substance-naïve individuals stigmatize cocaine users. They further point to compromised self-esteem in cocaine users resulting from such stigmatization. Interventions should address stigmatization processes to break the vicious circle of mutual social distancing and stronger dedication to the drug. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9376468/ /pubmed/35978850 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.879016 Text en Copyright © 2022 Aue, Kexel, Kluwe-Schiavon, Bührer, Baumgartner, Soravia and Quednow. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Aue, Tatjana
Kexel, Ann-Kathrin
Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno
Bührer, Stephanie
Baumgartner, Markus R.
Soravia, Leila M.
Quednow, Boris B.
In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder
title In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder
title_full In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder
title_fullStr In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder
title_full_unstemmed In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder
title_short In- and Out-Group Effects on Social Perception and Empathy in Cocaine Use Disorder
title_sort in- and out-group effects on social perception and empathy in cocaine use disorder
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9376468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35978850
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.879016
work_keys_str_mv AT auetatjana inandoutgroupeffectsonsocialperceptionandempathyincocaineusedisorder
AT kexelannkathrin inandoutgroupeffectsonsocialperceptionandempathyincocaineusedisorder
AT kluweschiavonbruno inandoutgroupeffectsonsocialperceptionandempathyincocaineusedisorder
AT buhrerstephanie inandoutgroupeffectsonsocialperceptionandempathyincocaineusedisorder
AT baumgartnermarkusr inandoutgroupeffectsonsocialperceptionandempathyincocaineusedisorder
AT soravialeilam inandoutgroupeffectsonsocialperceptionandempathyincocaineusedisorder
AT quednowborisb inandoutgroupeffectsonsocialperceptionandempathyincocaineusedisorder