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Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
BACKGROUND: Despite its morbidity and mortality, the neurobiology of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adolescents and the impact of treatment on this neurobiology is poorly understood. METHODS: Using automatic segmentation in FreeSurfer, we examined brain magnetic resonance imaging baseline v...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9380715/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35089358 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac007 |
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author | Seewoo, Bhedita J Rodger, Jennifer Demitrack, Mark A Heart, Karen L Port, John D Strawn, Jeffrey R Croarkin, Paul E |
author_facet | Seewoo, Bhedita J Rodger, Jennifer Demitrack, Mark A Heart, Karen L Port, John D Strawn, Jeffrey R Croarkin, Paul E |
author_sort | Seewoo, Bhedita J |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Despite its morbidity and mortality, the neurobiology of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adolescents and the impact of treatment on this neurobiology is poorly understood. METHODS: Using automatic segmentation in FreeSurfer, we examined brain magnetic resonance imaging baseline volumetric differences among healthy adolescents (n = 30), adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 19), and adolescents with TRD (n = 34) based on objective antidepressant treatment rating criteria. A pooled subsample of adolescents with TRD were treated with 6 weeks of active (n = 18) or sham (n = 7) 10-Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Ten of the adolescents treated with active TMS were part of an open-label trial. The other adolescents treated with active (n = 8) or sham (n = 7) were participants from a randomized controlled trial. RESULTS: Adolescents with TRD and adolescents with MDD had decreased total amygdala (TRD and MDD: −5%, P = .032) and caudal anterior cingulate cortex volumes (TRD: −3%, P = .030; MDD: −.03%, P = .041) compared with healthy adolescents. Six weeks of active TMS increased total amygdala volumes (+4%, P < .001) and the volume of the stimulated left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (+.4%, P = .026) in adolescents with TRD. CONCLUSIONS: Amygdala volumes were reduced in this sample of adolescents with MDD and TRD. TMS may normalize this volumetric finding, raising the possibility that TMS has neurostructural frontolimbic effects in adolescents with TRD. TMS also appears to have positive effects proximal to the site of stimulation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9380715 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93807152022-08-17 Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Seewoo, Bhedita J Rodger, Jennifer Demitrack, Mark A Heart, Karen L Port, John D Strawn, Jeffrey R Croarkin, Paul E Int J Neuropsychopharmacol Regular Research Articles BACKGROUND: Despite its morbidity and mortality, the neurobiology of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adolescents and the impact of treatment on this neurobiology is poorly understood. METHODS: Using automatic segmentation in FreeSurfer, we examined brain magnetic resonance imaging baseline volumetric differences among healthy adolescents (n = 30), adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 19), and adolescents with TRD (n = 34) based on objective antidepressant treatment rating criteria. A pooled subsample of adolescents with TRD were treated with 6 weeks of active (n = 18) or sham (n = 7) 10-Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Ten of the adolescents treated with active TMS were part of an open-label trial. The other adolescents treated with active (n = 8) or sham (n = 7) were participants from a randomized controlled trial. RESULTS: Adolescents with TRD and adolescents with MDD had decreased total amygdala (TRD and MDD: −5%, P = .032) and caudal anterior cingulate cortex volumes (TRD: −3%, P = .030; MDD: −.03%, P = .041) compared with healthy adolescents. Six weeks of active TMS increased total amygdala volumes (+4%, P < .001) and the volume of the stimulated left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (+.4%, P = .026) in adolescents with TRD. CONCLUSIONS: Amygdala volumes were reduced in this sample of adolescents with MDD and TRD. TMS may normalize this volumetric finding, raising the possibility that TMS has neurostructural frontolimbic effects in adolescents with TRD. TMS also appears to have positive effects proximal to the site of stimulation. Oxford University Press 2022-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9380715/ /pubmed/35089358 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac007 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CINP. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Regular Research Articles Seewoo, Bhedita J Rodger, Jennifer Demitrack, Mark A Heart, Karen L Port, John D Strawn, Jeffrey R Croarkin, Paul E Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation |
title | Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation |
title_full | Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation |
title_fullStr | Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation |
title_short | Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation |
title_sort | neurostructural differences in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression and treatment effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation |
topic | Regular Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9380715/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35089358 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac007 |
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