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Human age reversal: Fact or fiction?

Although chronological age correlates with various age‐related diseases and conditions, it does not adequately reflect an individual's functional capacity, well‐being, or mortality risk. In contrast, biological age provides information about overall health and indicates how rapidly or slowly a...

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Autores principales: Johnson, Adiv A., English, Bradley W., Shokhirev, Maxim N., Sinclair, David A., Cuellar, Trinna L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9381899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35778957
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acel.13664
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author Johnson, Adiv A.
English, Bradley W.
Shokhirev, Maxim N.
Sinclair, David A.
Cuellar, Trinna L.
author_facet Johnson, Adiv A.
English, Bradley W.
Shokhirev, Maxim N.
Sinclair, David A.
Cuellar, Trinna L.
author_sort Johnson, Adiv A.
collection PubMed
description Although chronological age correlates with various age‐related diseases and conditions, it does not adequately reflect an individual's functional capacity, well‐being, or mortality risk. In contrast, biological age provides information about overall health and indicates how rapidly or slowly a person is aging. Estimates of biological age are thought to be provided by aging clocks, which are computational models (e.g., elastic net) that use a set of inputs (e.g., DNA methylation sites) to make a prediction. In the past decade, aging clock studies have shown that several age‐related diseases, social variables, and mental health conditions associate with an increase in predicted biological age relative to chronological age. This phenomenon of age acceleration is linked to a higher risk of premature mortality. More recent research has demonstrated that predicted biological age is sensitive to specific interventions. Human trials have reported that caloric restriction, a plant‐based diet, lifestyle changes involving exercise, a drug regime including metformin, and vitamin D3 supplementation are all capable of slowing down or reversing an aging clock. Non‐interventional studies have connected high‐quality sleep, physical activity, a healthy diet, and other factors to age deceleration. Specific molecules have been associated with the reduction or reversal of predicted biological age, such as the antihypertensive drug doxazosin or the metabolite alpha‐ketoglutarate. Although rigorous clinical trials are needed to validate these initial findings, existing data suggest that aging clocks are malleable in humans. Additional research is warranted to better understand these computational models and the clinical significance of lowering or reversing their outputs.
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spelling pubmed-93818992022-08-19 Human age reversal: Fact or fiction? Johnson, Adiv A. English, Bradley W. Shokhirev, Maxim N. Sinclair, David A. Cuellar, Trinna L. Aging Cell Review Articles Although chronological age correlates with various age‐related diseases and conditions, it does not adequately reflect an individual's functional capacity, well‐being, or mortality risk. In contrast, biological age provides information about overall health and indicates how rapidly or slowly a person is aging. Estimates of biological age are thought to be provided by aging clocks, which are computational models (e.g., elastic net) that use a set of inputs (e.g., DNA methylation sites) to make a prediction. In the past decade, aging clock studies have shown that several age‐related diseases, social variables, and mental health conditions associate with an increase in predicted biological age relative to chronological age. This phenomenon of age acceleration is linked to a higher risk of premature mortality. More recent research has demonstrated that predicted biological age is sensitive to specific interventions. Human trials have reported that caloric restriction, a plant‐based diet, lifestyle changes involving exercise, a drug regime including metformin, and vitamin D3 supplementation are all capable of slowing down or reversing an aging clock. Non‐interventional studies have connected high‐quality sleep, physical activity, a healthy diet, and other factors to age deceleration. Specific molecules have been associated with the reduction or reversal of predicted biological age, such as the antihypertensive drug doxazosin or the metabolite alpha‐ketoglutarate. Although rigorous clinical trials are needed to validate these initial findings, existing data suggest that aging clocks are malleable in humans. Additional research is warranted to better understand these computational models and the clinical significance of lowering or reversing their outputs. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-07-02 2022-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9381899/ /pubmed/35778957 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acel.13664 Text en © 2022 Tally Health. Aging Cell published by Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Johnson, Adiv A.
English, Bradley W.
Shokhirev, Maxim N.
Sinclair, David A.
Cuellar, Trinna L.
Human age reversal: Fact or fiction?
title Human age reversal: Fact or fiction?
title_full Human age reversal: Fact or fiction?
title_fullStr Human age reversal: Fact or fiction?
title_full_unstemmed Human age reversal: Fact or fiction?
title_short Human age reversal: Fact or fiction?
title_sort human age reversal: fact or fiction?
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9381899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35778957
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acel.13664
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