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Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature

The human microbiota is comprised of more than 10–100 trillion microbial taxa and symbiotic cells. Two major human sites that are host to microbial communities are the gut and the skin. Physical exercise has favorable effects on the structure of human microbiota and metabolite production in sedentar...

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Autores principales: Puce, Luca, Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad, Trabelsi, Khaled, Ammar, Achraf, Chtourou, Hamdi, Boulares, Ayoub, Marinelli, Lucio, Mori, Laura, Cotellessa, Filippo, Currà, Antonio, Trompetto, Carlo, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9382026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35992695
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.984867
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author Puce, Luca
Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad
Trabelsi, Khaled
Ammar, Achraf
Chtourou, Hamdi
Boulares, Ayoub
Marinelli, Lucio
Mori, Laura
Cotellessa, Filippo
Currà, Antonio
Trompetto, Carlo
Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
author_facet Puce, Luca
Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad
Trabelsi, Khaled
Ammar, Achraf
Chtourou, Hamdi
Boulares, Ayoub
Marinelli, Lucio
Mori, Laura
Cotellessa, Filippo
Currà, Antonio
Trompetto, Carlo
Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
author_sort Puce, Luca
collection PubMed
description The human microbiota is comprised of more than 10–100 trillion microbial taxa and symbiotic cells. Two major human sites that are host to microbial communities are the gut and the skin. Physical exercise has favorable effects on the structure of human microbiota and metabolite production in sedentary subjects. Recently, the concept of “athletic microbiome” has been introduced. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no review specifically addressing the potential role of microbiomics for swimmers, since each sports discipline requires a specific set of techniques, training protocols, and interactions with the athletic infrastructure/facility. Therefore, to fill in this gap, the present scoping review was undertaken. Four studies were included, three focusing on the gut microbiome, and one addressing the skin microbiome. It was found that several exercise-related variables, such as training volume/intensity, impact the athlete’s microbiome, and specifically the non-core/peripheral microbiome, in terms of its architecture/composition, richness, and diversity. Swimming-related power-/sprint- and endurance-oriented activities, acute bouts and chronic exercise, anaerobic/aerobic energy systems have a differential impact on the athlete’s microbiome. Therefore, their microbiome can be utilized for different purposes, including talent identification, monitoring the effects of training methodologies, and devising ad hoc conditioning protocols, including dietary supplementation. Microbiomics can be exploited also for clinical purposes, assessing the effects of exposure to swimming pools and developing potential pharmacological strategies to counteract the insurgence of skin infections/inflammation, including acne. In conclusion, microbiomics appears to be a promising tool, even though current research is still limited, warranting, as such, further studies.
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spelling pubmed-93820262022-08-18 Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature Puce, Luca Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad Trabelsi, Khaled Ammar, Achraf Chtourou, Hamdi Boulares, Ayoub Marinelli, Lucio Mori, Laura Cotellessa, Filippo Currà, Antonio Trompetto, Carlo Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Front Microbiol Microbiology The human microbiota is comprised of more than 10–100 trillion microbial taxa and symbiotic cells. Two major human sites that are host to microbial communities are the gut and the skin. Physical exercise has favorable effects on the structure of human microbiota and metabolite production in sedentary subjects. Recently, the concept of “athletic microbiome” has been introduced. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no review specifically addressing the potential role of microbiomics for swimmers, since each sports discipline requires a specific set of techniques, training protocols, and interactions with the athletic infrastructure/facility. Therefore, to fill in this gap, the present scoping review was undertaken. Four studies were included, three focusing on the gut microbiome, and one addressing the skin microbiome. It was found that several exercise-related variables, such as training volume/intensity, impact the athlete’s microbiome, and specifically the non-core/peripheral microbiome, in terms of its architecture/composition, richness, and diversity. Swimming-related power-/sprint- and endurance-oriented activities, acute bouts and chronic exercise, anaerobic/aerobic energy systems have a differential impact on the athlete’s microbiome. Therefore, their microbiome can be utilized for different purposes, including talent identification, monitoring the effects of training methodologies, and devising ad hoc conditioning protocols, including dietary supplementation. Microbiomics can be exploited also for clinical purposes, assessing the effects of exposure to swimming pools and developing potential pharmacological strategies to counteract the insurgence of skin infections/inflammation, including acne. In conclusion, microbiomics appears to be a promising tool, even though current research is still limited, warranting, as such, further studies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9382026/ /pubmed/35992695 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.984867 Text en Copyright © 2022 Puce, Hampton-Marcell, Trabelsi, Ammar, Chtourou, Boulares, Marinelli, Mori, Cotellessa, Currà, Trompetto and Bragazzi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Puce, Luca
Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad
Trabelsi, Khaled
Ammar, Achraf
Chtourou, Hamdi
Boulares, Ayoub
Marinelli, Lucio
Mori, Laura
Cotellessa, Filippo
Currà, Antonio
Trompetto, Carlo
Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature
title Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature
title_full Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature
title_fullStr Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature
title_short Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature
title_sort swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: a scoping review of the literature
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9382026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35992695
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.984867
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