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SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity

Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), humans have been exposed to distinct SARS-CoV-2 antigens, either by infection with different variants, and/or vaccination. Population immunity is thus highly heterogeneous, but the impact of such heterogeneity on th...

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Autores principales: Manali, Maria, Bissett, Laura A, Amat, Julien A R, Logan, Nicola, Scott, Sam, Hughes, Ellen C, Harvey, William T, Orton, Richard, Thomson, Emma C, Gunson, Rory N, Viana, Mafalda, Willett, Brian, Murcia, Pablo R
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9384671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35920058
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac332
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author Manali, Maria
Bissett, Laura A
Amat, Julien A R
Logan, Nicola
Scott, Sam
Hughes, Ellen C
Harvey, William T
Orton, Richard
Thomson, Emma C
Gunson, Rory N
Viana, Mafalda
Willett, Brian
Murcia, Pablo R
author_facet Manali, Maria
Bissett, Laura A
Amat, Julien A R
Logan, Nicola
Scott, Sam
Hughes, Ellen C
Harvey, William T
Orton, Richard
Thomson, Emma C
Gunson, Rory N
Viana, Mafalda
Willett, Brian
Murcia, Pablo R
author_sort Manali, Maria
collection PubMed
description Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), humans have been exposed to distinct SARS-CoV-2 antigens, either by infection with different variants, and/or vaccination. Population immunity is thus highly heterogeneous, but the impact of such heterogeneity on the effectiveness and breadth of the antibody-mediated response is unclear. We measured antibody-mediated neutralization responses against SARS-CoV-2(Wuhan), SARS-CoV-2α, SARS-CoV-2δ, and SARS-CoV-2ο pseudoviruses using sera from patients with distinct immunological histories, including naive, vaccinated, infected with SARS-CoV-2(Wuhan), SARS-CoV-2α, or SARS-CoV-2δ, and vaccinated/infected individuals. We show that the breadth and potency of the antibody-mediated response is influenced by the number, the variant, and the nature (infection or vaccination) of exposures, and that individuals with mixed immunity acquired by vaccination and natural exposure exhibit the broadest and most potent responses. Our results suggest that the interplay between host immunity and SARS-CoV-2 evolution will shape the antigenicity and subsequent transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, with important implications for future vaccine design.
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spelling pubmed-93846712022-08-18 SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity Manali, Maria Bissett, Laura A Amat, Julien A R Logan, Nicola Scott, Sam Hughes, Ellen C Harvey, William T Orton, Richard Thomson, Emma C Gunson, Rory N Viana, Mafalda Willett, Brian Murcia, Pablo R J Infect Dis Major Article Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), humans have been exposed to distinct SARS-CoV-2 antigens, either by infection with different variants, and/or vaccination. Population immunity is thus highly heterogeneous, but the impact of such heterogeneity on the effectiveness and breadth of the antibody-mediated response is unclear. We measured antibody-mediated neutralization responses against SARS-CoV-2(Wuhan), SARS-CoV-2α, SARS-CoV-2δ, and SARS-CoV-2ο pseudoviruses using sera from patients with distinct immunological histories, including naive, vaccinated, infected with SARS-CoV-2(Wuhan), SARS-CoV-2α, or SARS-CoV-2δ, and vaccinated/infected individuals. We show that the breadth and potency of the antibody-mediated response is influenced by the number, the variant, and the nature (infection or vaccination) of exposures, and that individuals with mixed immunity acquired by vaccination and natural exposure exhibit the broadest and most potent responses. Our results suggest that the interplay between host immunity and SARS-CoV-2 evolution will shape the antigenicity and subsequent transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, with important implications for future vaccine design. Oxford University Press 2022-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9384671/ /pubmed/35920058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac332 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Major Article
Manali, Maria
Bissett, Laura A
Amat, Julien A R
Logan, Nicola
Scott, Sam
Hughes, Ellen C
Harvey, William T
Orton, Richard
Thomson, Emma C
Gunson, Rory N
Viana, Mafalda
Willett, Brian
Murcia, Pablo R
SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity
title SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity
title_full SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity
title_fullStr SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity
title_full_unstemmed SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity
title_short SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Patient Immunological History Shape the Breadth and Potency of Antibody-Mediated Immunity
title_sort sars-cov-2 evolution and patient immunological history shape the breadth and potency of antibody-mediated immunity
topic Major Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9384671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35920058
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac332
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