Zerebrovaskuläre Komplikationen bei Neuroborreliose: Fallbericht und Aufarbeitung der Literatur

In endemic areas, Lyme neuroborreliosis should be considered in patients with strokes in different arterial territories. Usually there is a prodromal period with unspecific symptoms weeks to months prior to the first stroke onset. Presence of intracranial aneurysms should also raise suspicion. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the most important diagnostic procedure; characteristic findings are lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and a positive Borrelia-burgdorferi-specific CSF/serum–antibody index. If suspected, antibiotic treatment should be started immediately. Therapy response has to be evaluated clinically because CSF pleocytosis may persist for months after successful treatment