Direct and green repairing of degraded LiCoO(2) for reuse in lithium-ion batteries

Traditional recycling processes of LiCoO(2) rely on destructive decomposition, requiring high-temperature roasting or acid leaching to extract valuable Li and Co, which have significant environmental and economic concerns. Herein, a direct repairing method for degraded LiCoO(2) using a LiCl–CH(4)N(2)O deep eutectic solvent (DES) was established. The DES is not used to dissolve LiCoO(2) but directly serves as a carrier for the selective replenishment of lithium and cobalt. Replenishment of lithium restores LiCoO(2) at different states of charge to a capacity of 130 mAh/g (at 0.1 C rate), while replenishing the cobalt increases the capacity retention rate of 90% after 100 cycles, which is comparable to pristine LiCoO(2). The DES is collected and reused multiple times with a high repair efficiency. This process reduces energy consumption by 37.1% and greenhouse gas emissions by 34.8% compared with the current production process of LiCoO(2), demonstrating excellent environmental and economic viability.