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The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients
Gut microbiota plays an essential role in health and disease. It is constantly evolving and in permanent communication with its host. The gut microbiota is increasingly seen as an organ, and its failure, reflected by dysbiosis, is seen as an organ failure associated with poor outcomes. Critically il...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386657/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35982499 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13054-022-04127-5 |
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author | Wozniak, Hannah Beckmann, Tal Sarah Fröhlich, Lorin Soccorsi, Tania Le Terrier, Christophe de Watteville, Aude Schrenzel, Jacques Heidegger, Claudia-Paula |
author_facet | Wozniak, Hannah Beckmann, Tal Sarah Fröhlich, Lorin Soccorsi, Tania Le Terrier, Christophe de Watteville, Aude Schrenzel, Jacques Heidegger, Claudia-Paula |
author_sort | Wozniak, Hannah |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gut microbiota plays an essential role in health and disease. It is constantly evolving and in permanent communication with its host. The gut microbiota is increasingly seen as an organ, and its failure, reflected by dysbiosis, is seen as an organ failure associated with poor outcomes. Critically ill patients may have an altered gut microbiota, namely dysbiosis, with a severe reduction in “health-promoting” commensal intestinal bacteria (such as Firmicutes or Bacteroidetes) and an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Proteobacteria). Many factors that occur in critically ill patients favour dysbiosis, such as medications or changes in nutrition patterns. Dysbiosis leads to several important effects, including changes in gut integrity and in the production of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine N-oxide. There is increasing evidence that gut microbiota and its alteration interact with other organs, highlighting the concept of the gut–organ axis. Thus, dysbiosis will affect other organs and could have an impact on the progression of critical diseases. Current knowledge is only a small part of what remains to be discovered. The precise role and contribution of the gut microbiota and its interactions with various organs is an intense and challenging research area that offers exciting opportunities for disease prevention, management and therapy, particularly in critical care where multi-organ failure is often the focus. This narrative review provides an overview of the normal composition of the gut microbiota, its functions, the mechanisms leading to dysbiosis, its consequences in an intensive care setting, and highlights the concept of the gut–organ axis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9386657 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93866572022-08-18 The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients Wozniak, Hannah Beckmann, Tal Sarah Fröhlich, Lorin Soccorsi, Tania Le Terrier, Christophe de Watteville, Aude Schrenzel, Jacques Heidegger, Claudia-Paula Crit Care Review Gut microbiota plays an essential role in health and disease. It is constantly evolving and in permanent communication with its host. The gut microbiota is increasingly seen as an organ, and its failure, reflected by dysbiosis, is seen as an organ failure associated with poor outcomes. Critically ill patients may have an altered gut microbiota, namely dysbiosis, with a severe reduction in “health-promoting” commensal intestinal bacteria (such as Firmicutes or Bacteroidetes) and an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Proteobacteria). Many factors that occur in critically ill patients favour dysbiosis, such as medications or changes in nutrition patterns. Dysbiosis leads to several important effects, including changes in gut integrity and in the production of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine N-oxide. There is increasing evidence that gut microbiota and its alteration interact with other organs, highlighting the concept of the gut–organ axis. Thus, dysbiosis will affect other organs and could have an impact on the progression of critical diseases. Current knowledge is only a small part of what remains to be discovered. The precise role and contribution of the gut microbiota and its interactions with various organs is an intense and challenging research area that offers exciting opportunities for disease prevention, management and therapy, particularly in critical care where multi-organ failure is often the focus. This narrative review provides an overview of the normal composition of the gut microbiota, its functions, the mechanisms leading to dysbiosis, its consequences in an intensive care setting, and highlights the concept of the gut–organ axis. BioMed Central 2022-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9386657/ /pubmed/35982499 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13054-022-04127-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review Wozniak, Hannah Beckmann, Tal Sarah Fröhlich, Lorin Soccorsi, Tania Le Terrier, Christophe de Watteville, Aude Schrenzel, Jacques Heidegger, Claudia-Paula The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients |
title | The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients |
title_full | The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients |
title_fullStr | The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients |
title_full_unstemmed | The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients |
title_short | The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients |
title_sort | central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386657/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35982499 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13054-022-04127-5 |
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