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Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil

The irrigation of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) with saline groundwater is routinely practiced in the agroecosystems of arid environments because of freshwater scarcity. This leads to salts deposition in topsoil layers and increases soil salinization. However, how different irrigation sources aff...

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Autores principales: Loganathachetti, Dinesh Sanka, Alhashmi, Fardous, Chandran, Subha, Mundra, Sunil
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9388049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35991423
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.944637
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author Loganathachetti, Dinesh Sanka
Alhashmi, Fardous
Chandran, Subha
Mundra, Sunil
author_facet Loganathachetti, Dinesh Sanka
Alhashmi, Fardous
Chandran, Subha
Mundra, Sunil
author_sort Loganathachetti, Dinesh Sanka
collection PubMed
description The irrigation of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) with saline groundwater is routinely practiced in the agroecosystems of arid environments because of freshwater scarcity. This leads to salts deposition in topsoil layers and increases soil salinization. However, how different irrigation sources affect soil microbiota is poorly understood. Bulk soil samples were collected from date farms receiving non-saline water and saline groundwater to examine bacterial communities using metabarcoding. Overall, bacterial diversity measures (Shannon diversity index, richness, and evenness) did not vary between irrigation sources. Bacterial communities were structured based on irrigation water sources and were significantly associated with their electrical conductivity. Of 5,155 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), 21.3% were unique to soil irrigated with saline groundwater, 31.5% received non-saline water irrigation, and 47.2% were shared. The Proteobacteria abundance was higher in soil under saline groundwater irrigation while Actinobacteriota abundance was lower. A compositional shift at the genera level was also evident; the abundance of Subgroup_10 and Mycobacterium was higher under saline groundwater irrigation. Mycobacterium was a key indicator of OTU under saline groundwater irrigation while Solirubrobacter was an indicator of non-saline water irrigation. Functional gene analyses showed enrichment of fatty acid, cell wall, and starch biosynthesis pathways in soil under saline groundwater irrigation. These findings provide insights into how “salinity filtering” influences bacterial communities, key taxa, and the potential metabolic function in soil under increasing irrigation water salinities, and have broad implications for arid agroecosystems.
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spelling pubmed-93880492022-08-19 Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil Loganathachetti, Dinesh Sanka Alhashmi, Fardous Chandran, Subha Mundra, Sunil Front Plant Sci Plant Science The irrigation of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) with saline groundwater is routinely practiced in the agroecosystems of arid environments because of freshwater scarcity. This leads to salts deposition in topsoil layers and increases soil salinization. However, how different irrigation sources affect soil microbiota is poorly understood. Bulk soil samples were collected from date farms receiving non-saline water and saline groundwater to examine bacterial communities using metabarcoding. Overall, bacterial diversity measures (Shannon diversity index, richness, and evenness) did not vary between irrigation sources. Bacterial communities were structured based on irrigation water sources and were significantly associated with their electrical conductivity. Of 5,155 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), 21.3% were unique to soil irrigated with saline groundwater, 31.5% received non-saline water irrigation, and 47.2% were shared. The Proteobacteria abundance was higher in soil under saline groundwater irrigation while Actinobacteriota abundance was lower. A compositional shift at the genera level was also evident; the abundance of Subgroup_10 and Mycobacterium was higher under saline groundwater irrigation. Mycobacterium was a key indicator of OTU under saline groundwater irrigation while Solirubrobacter was an indicator of non-saline water irrigation. Functional gene analyses showed enrichment of fatty acid, cell wall, and starch biosynthesis pathways in soil under saline groundwater irrigation. These findings provide insights into how “salinity filtering” influences bacterial communities, key taxa, and the potential metabolic function in soil under increasing irrigation water salinities, and have broad implications for arid agroecosystems. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9388049/ /pubmed/35991423 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.944637 Text en Copyright © 2022 Loganathachetti, Alhashmi, Chandran and Mundra. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Loganathachetti, Dinesh Sanka
Alhashmi, Fardous
Chandran, Subha
Mundra, Sunil
Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil
title Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil
title_full Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil
title_fullStr Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil
title_full_unstemmed Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil
title_short Irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil
title_sort irrigation water salinity structures the bacterial communities of date palm (phoenix dactylifera)-associated bulk soil
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9388049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35991423
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.944637
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