Profil clinico-thérapeutique des états de mal épileptiques dans le service de neurologie de l’Hôpital Befelatanana, Antananarivo: une étude transversale descriptive

INTRODUCTION: Status Epilepticus (SE) is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. The purpose of this study was to establish the frequency, the clinical and therapeutic features of patients with SE at the Department of Neurology of Befelatanana. METHODS: we conducted a retrospective, descriptive study from January to June 2015. The sociodemographic and clinical features of patients were collected and analyzed on Epi info 7. RESULTS: the study involved 53 patients, 54.71% of whom were epileptic (n=29). There was a predominance of patients under 65 years of age (86.79%). The average age of patients was 43.09 years with a sex-ratio of 1.30. Convulsive SE prevailed in 98.11% of cases (n=52). Generalized convulsive SE occurred in 66.03% of cases. STESS below 3 (77.35%) predominated. There were no epileptic abnormalities on standard EEG within 24 hours in all patients with SE. Non-adherence to antiepileptic therapy (9.43%) and sleep deprivation (18.86%) were reported as a trigger factor of SE. No seizure was reported for up to 72 hours after initiation of treatment in 84,90% of cases. We found no significant association between epileptic or non-epileptic status and STESS (p = 0.302), treatment protocol (p = 0.532), and 72-hour remission of seizures (p = 0.211). CONCLUSION: SE affects young and epileptic people. Our treatment protocol allowed for crisis remission within 72h in most cases. A validation study about this therapeutic protocol is required.