Analysis of the Key Factors of Ecological Environment Protection in the National Economic Sustainable Development Goals

Urbanization helps people to create comfortable and convenient living conditions and meets the needs of people survival, enjoyment, and development. At the same time, the surge in population has also caused great disturbance and damage to the urban natural environment. Humans continue to utilize and transform nature by increasing the absolute surface area of the natural environment, but at the same time, rapid population growth and scarcity of resources exacerbate the absurd development and utilization of resources, leading to ecological destruction. The development of green plants, animals, and other creatures is hindered, and the imbalance of urban ecology aggravates the contradiction between man and the ecological environment. Based on this, the paper first expounds on the theoretical framework of sustainable economic development, draws the analysis of the elements of sustainable economic development, and then studies the coupling relationship model between economic development and ecological environmental protection as an example of the regional economy. GM (1.1) principle was used to test the practicability of the model and found that the model is very accurate in predicting the coordinated development between economic development and ecological environmental protection. It provides a comprehensive index of the sustainable capacity of the ecological environment in urban areas, analyses the indicators of Leshan City, and draws a conclusion: the main factors affecting the sustainable development of Leshan's ecological environment are the economic environment and the natural environment; it is necessary to further adjust the industrial structure. In order to maintain sustained and stable economic development, it is very important to strengthen urban environmental protection, develop circular economy, and continuously improve the level of ecologically sustainable development.