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Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Toxoplasma gondii is a global zoonotic parasite infecting virtually all warm-blooded species, although a species-specific variability is evident referring to symptoms frame. Both the success of T. gondii and the outcome of infection depend on a delicate balance between host cellu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Veterinary World
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9394144/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36185508 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.1641-1649 |
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author | Castello, Annamaria Fazio, Esterina Alfonzetti, Tiziana Giunta, Renato Paolo Salvaggio, Antonio Ferlazzo, Alida Maria Cravana, Cristina Bruschetta, Giuseppe Medica, Pietro Marino, Anna Maria Fausta |
author_facet | Castello, Annamaria Fazio, Esterina Alfonzetti, Tiziana Giunta, Renato Paolo Salvaggio, Antonio Ferlazzo, Alida Maria Cravana, Cristina Bruschetta, Giuseppe Medica, Pietro Marino, Anna Maria Fausta |
author_sort | Castello, Annamaria |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND AIM: Toxoplasma gondii is a global zoonotic parasite infecting virtually all warm-blooded species, although a species-specific variability is evident referring to symptoms frame. Both the success of T. gondii and the outcome of infection depend on a delicate balance between host cellular pathways and the evasion or modulation strategies elicited by the parasite. The hormonal and molecular mechanisms involved in this delicate host-parasite balance are still unclear, especially when considering intermediate host species other than mouse. This study aimed to assess any correlation between T. gondii infection and selected molecular and hormonal factors involved in responses to infection in susceptible species such as swine. Moreover, blood counts and hematochemical assays (glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides dosage) were performed to evaluate the overall health condition of animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies determination and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for T. gondii DNA detection. Target genes coding for key factors of cell responses to T. gondii infection were selected, and their transcription was assessed in various tissues by quantitative RT-PCR. 17-β estradiol concentrations were assessed by fluorimetric enzyme-linked immunoassay and the AIA-360 automated immunoassay analyzer. Blood count and hematochemical analyses were performed by a blood cell counter and a spectrophotometer, respectively. RESULTS: The present research highlighted significant differences among infected and uninfected swine (control group) for both transcription profiles of some of the molecular factors considered and 17-β estradiol concentrations. Referring to the assessed hematological and biochemical parameters, no statistically significant differences were observed in infected swine compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Our results contribute to the enrichment of data available about the subject and could be useful for a deeper knowledge of the interaction between this parasite and its hosts. However, more aspects are still unclear, such as the effective response of downstream molecules from the same pathways to the variation of factors observed in this study either assessing how the same factors respond to Toxoplasma gondii infection in other host speciesand further analyses should be performed on other host species. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9394144 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Veterinary World |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93941442022-09-30 Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine Castello, Annamaria Fazio, Esterina Alfonzetti, Tiziana Giunta, Renato Paolo Salvaggio, Antonio Ferlazzo, Alida Maria Cravana, Cristina Bruschetta, Giuseppe Medica, Pietro Marino, Anna Maria Fausta Vet World Research Article BACKGROUND AND AIM: Toxoplasma gondii is a global zoonotic parasite infecting virtually all warm-blooded species, although a species-specific variability is evident referring to symptoms frame. Both the success of T. gondii and the outcome of infection depend on a delicate balance between host cellular pathways and the evasion or modulation strategies elicited by the parasite. The hormonal and molecular mechanisms involved in this delicate host-parasite balance are still unclear, especially when considering intermediate host species other than mouse. This study aimed to assess any correlation between T. gondii infection and selected molecular and hormonal factors involved in responses to infection in susceptible species such as swine. Moreover, blood counts and hematochemical assays (glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides dosage) were performed to evaluate the overall health condition of animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies determination and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for T. gondii DNA detection. Target genes coding for key factors of cell responses to T. gondii infection were selected, and their transcription was assessed in various tissues by quantitative RT-PCR. 17-β estradiol concentrations were assessed by fluorimetric enzyme-linked immunoassay and the AIA-360 automated immunoassay analyzer. Blood count and hematochemical analyses were performed by a blood cell counter and a spectrophotometer, respectively. RESULTS: The present research highlighted significant differences among infected and uninfected swine (control group) for both transcription profiles of some of the molecular factors considered and 17-β estradiol concentrations. Referring to the assessed hematological and biochemical parameters, no statistically significant differences were observed in infected swine compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Our results contribute to the enrichment of data available about the subject and could be useful for a deeper knowledge of the interaction between this parasite and its hosts. However, more aspects are still unclear, such as the effective response of downstream molecules from the same pathways to the variation of factors observed in this study either assessing how the same factors respond to Toxoplasma gondii infection in other host speciesand further analyses should be performed on other host species. Veterinary World 2022-07 2022-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9394144/ /pubmed/36185508 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.1641-1649 Text en Copyright: © Castello, et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Castello, Annamaria Fazio, Esterina Alfonzetti, Tiziana Giunta, Renato Paolo Salvaggio, Antonio Ferlazzo, Alida Maria Cravana, Cristina Bruschetta, Giuseppe Medica, Pietro Marino, Anna Maria Fausta Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine |
title | Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine |
title_full | Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine |
title_fullStr | Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine |
title_short | Assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine |
title_sort | assessment of selected molecular factors and 17-β estradiol dosage in response to toxoplasma gondii infection in swine |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9394144/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36185508 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.1641-1649 |
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