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Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway
Studies have reported reduced cognitive function following COVID-19 illness, mostly from hospital settings with short follow-up times. This study recruited non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients from a general population to study prevalence of late cognitive impairment and associations with initial symp...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9394790/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35994448 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273352 |
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author | Stavem, Knut Einvik, Gunnar Tholin, Birgitte Ghanima, Waleed Hessen, Erik Lundqvist, Christofer |
author_facet | Stavem, Knut Einvik, Gunnar Tholin, Birgitte Ghanima, Waleed Hessen, Erik Lundqvist, Christofer |
author_sort | Stavem, Knut |
collection | PubMed |
description | Studies have reported reduced cognitive function following COVID-19 illness, mostly from hospital settings with short follow-up times. This study recruited non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients from a general population to study prevalence of late cognitive impairment and associations with initial symptoms. We invited patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19. A postal questionnaire addressed basic demographics, initial COVID-19 symptoms and co-morbidity about 4 months after diagnosis. About 7 months later, we conducted cognitive tests using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, comprising four tests for short-term memory, attention and executive function. We present descriptive statistics using z-scores relative to UK population norms and defined impairment as z-score <-1.5. We used multivariable logistic regression with impairment as outcome. Continuous domain scores were analysed by multiple linear regression. Of the initial 458 participants; 305 were invited, and 234 (77%) completed cognitive testing. At median 11 (range 8–13) months after PCR positivity, cognitive scores for short term memory, visuospatial processing, learning and attention were lower than norms (p≤0.001). In each domain, 4–14% were cognitively impaired; 68/232 (29%) were impaired in ≥ 1 of 4 tests. There was no association between initial symptom severity and impairment. Multivariable linear regression showed association between spatial working memory and initial symptom load (6–9 symptoms vs. 0–5, coef. 4.26, 95% CI: 0.65; 7.86). No other dimension scores were associated with symptom load. At median 11 months after out-of-hospital SARS-Cov-2 infection, minor cognitive impairment was seen with little association between COVID-19 symptom severity and outcome. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9394790 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93947902022-08-23 Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway Stavem, Knut Einvik, Gunnar Tholin, Birgitte Ghanima, Waleed Hessen, Erik Lundqvist, Christofer PLoS One Research Article Studies have reported reduced cognitive function following COVID-19 illness, mostly from hospital settings with short follow-up times. This study recruited non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients from a general population to study prevalence of late cognitive impairment and associations with initial symptoms. We invited patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19. A postal questionnaire addressed basic demographics, initial COVID-19 symptoms and co-morbidity about 4 months after diagnosis. About 7 months later, we conducted cognitive tests using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, comprising four tests for short-term memory, attention and executive function. We present descriptive statistics using z-scores relative to UK population norms and defined impairment as z-score <-1.5. We used multivariable logistic regression with impairment as outcome. Continuous domain scores were analysed by multiple linear regression. Of the initial 458 participants; 305 were invited, and 234 (77%) completed cognitive testing. At median 11 (range 8–13) months after PCR positivity, cognitive scores for short term memory, visuospatial processing, learning and attention were lower than norms (p≤0.001). In each domain, 4–14% were cognitively impaired; 68/232 (29%) were impaired in ≥ 1 of 4 tests. There was no association between initial symptom severity and impairment. Multivariable linear regression showed association between spatial working memory and initial symptom load (6–9 symptoms vs. 0–5, coef. 4.26, 95% CI: 0.65; 7.86). No other dimension scores were associated with symptom load. At median 11 months after out-of-hospital SARS-Cov-2 infection, minor cognitive impairment was seen with little association between COVID-19 symptom severity and outcome. Public Library of Science 2022-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9394790/ /pubmed/35994448 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273352 Text en © 2022 Stavem et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Stavem, Knut Einvik, Gunnar Tholin, Birgitte Ghanima, Waleed Hessen, Erik Lundqvist, Christofer Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway |
title | Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway |
title_full | Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway |
title_fullStr | Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway |
title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway |
title_short | Cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute COVID-19 infection: A cohort study in Norway |
title_sort | cognitive function in non-hospitalized patients 8–13 months after acute covid-19 infection: a cohort study in norway |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9394790/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35994448 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273352 |
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