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Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection
The high occurrence and mortality rates related to candidiasis emphasize the urgent need to introduce new therapeutic approaches to treat this infection. Eugenol, the main phenolic component of Clove and Cinnamomum essential oil, has been used to inhibit growth and different virulence factors of Can...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9395595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36016558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.872127 |
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author | Didehdar, Mojtaba Chegini, Zahra Shariati, Aref |
author_facet | Didehdar, Mojtaba Chegini, Zahra Shariati, Aref |
author_sort | Didehdar, Mojtaba |
collection | PubMed |
description | The high occurrence and mortality rates related to candidiasis emphasize the urgent need to introduce new therapeutic approaches to treat this infection. Eugenol, the main phenolic component of Clove and Cinnamomum essential oil, has been used to inhibit growth and different virulence factors of Candida, including strains with decreased susceptibility to antifungals, particularly fluconazole. The results showed that this compound could bind to Candida membrane and decrease ergosterol biosynthesis, consequently leading to cell wall and membrane damage. Additionally, eugenol not only reduced germ tube formation, which reduces nutrient absorption from host tissues, but it also increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species, which induces oxidative stress and causes high permeability in the fungal cell membrane. Eugenol inhibited Candida cells’ adhesion capacity; additionally, this compound inhibited the formation of biofilms and eliminated established Candida biofilms on a variety of surfaces. Furthermore, by disrupting fungal cell integrity, eugenol could boost the entry of the antifungal drugs into the Candida cell, improving treatment efficacy. Therefore, eugenol could be used in the clinical management of various presentations of candidiasis, especially mucocutaneous presentations such as oral and vulvovaginal infections. However, further investigations, including in vivo and animal studies, toxicology studies and clinical trials, as well as molecular analysis, are needed to improve formulations and develop novel antifungal agents based on eugenol. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9395595 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93955952022-08-24 Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection Didehdar, Mojtaba Chegini, Zahra Shariati, Aref Front Pharmacol Pharmacology The high occurrence and mortality rates related to candidiasis emphasize the urgent need to introduce new therapeutic approaches to treat this infection. Eugenol, the main phenolic component of Clove and Cinnamomum essential oil, has been used to inhibit growth and different virulence factors of Candida, including strains with decreased susceptibility to antifungals, particularly fluconazole. The results showed that this compound could bind to Candida membrane and decrease ergosterol biosynthesis, consequently leading to cell wall and membrane damage. Additionally, eugenol not only reduced germ tube formation, which reduces nutrient absorption from host tissues, but it also increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species, which induces oxidative stress and causes high permeability in the fungal cell membrane. Eugenol inhibited Candida cells’ adhesion capacity; additionally, this compound inhibited the formation of biofilms and eliminated established Candida biofilms on a variety of surfaces. Furthermore, by disrupting fungal cell integrity, eugenol could boost the entry of the antifungal drugs into the Candida cell, improving treatment efficacy. Therefore, eugenol could be used in the clinical management of various presentations of candidiasis, especially mucocutaneous presentations such as oral and vulvovaginal infections. However, further investigations, including in vivo and animal studies, toxicology studies and clinical trials, as well as molecular analysis, are needed to improve formulations and develop novel antifungal agents based on eugenol. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9395595/ /pubmed/36016558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.872127 Text en Copyright © 2022 Didehdar, Chegini and Shariati. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Pharmacology Didehdar, Mojtaba Chegini, Zahra Shariati, Aref Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection |
title | Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection |
title_full | Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection |
title_fullStr | Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection |
title_short | Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection |
title_sort | eugenol: a novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of candida species infection |
topic | Pharmacology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9395595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36016558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.872127 |
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