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Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma

Central nervous system (CNS) trauma, including traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, has a high rate of disability and mortality, and effective treatment is currently lacking. Previous studies have revealed that neural inflammation plays a vital role in CNS trauma. As the initial enzyme in...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Hao-Jie, Chen, Yi-Tuo, Hu, Xin-Li, Cai, Wan-Ta, Wang, Xiang-Yang, Ni, Wen-Fei, Zhou, Kai-Liang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396495/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35900400
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.346460
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author Zhang, Hao-Jie
Chen, Yi-Tuo
Hu, Xin-Li
Cai, Wan-Ta
Wang, Xiang-Yang
Ni, Wen-Fei
Zhou, Kai-Liang
author_facet Zhang, Hao-Jie
Chen, Yi-Tuo
Hu, Xin-Li
Cai, Wan-Ta
Wang, Xiang-Yang
Ni, Wen-Fei
Zhou, Kai-Liang
author_sort Zhang, Hao-Jie
collection PubMed
description Central nervous system (CNS) trauma, including traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, has a high rate of disability and mortality, and effective treatment is currently lacking. Previous studies have revealed that neural inflammation plays a vital role in CNS trauma. As the initial enzyme in neuroinflammation, cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA2) can hydrolyze membranous phosphatides at the sn-2 position in a preferential way to release lysophospholipids and ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acid dominated by arachidonic acid, thereby inducing secondary injuries. Although there is substantial fresh knowledge pertaining to cPLA2, in-depth comprehension of how cPLA2 participates in CNS trauma and the potential methods to ameliorate the clinical results after CNS trauma are still insufficient. The present review summarizes the latest understanding of how cPLA2 participates in CNS trauma, highlighting novel findings pertaining to how cPLA2 activation initiates the potential mechanisms specifically, neuroinflammation, lysosome membrane functions, and autophagy activity, that damage the CNS after trauma. Moreover, we focused on testing a variety of drugs capable of inhibiting cPLA2 or the upstream pathway, and we explored how those agents might be utilized as treatments to improve the results following CNS trauma. This review aimed to effectively understand the mechanism of cPLA2 activation and its role in the pathophysiological processes of CNS trauma and provide clarification and a new referential framework for future research.
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spelling pubmed-93964952022-08-24 Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma Zhang, Hao-Jie Chen, Yi-Tuo Hu, Xin-Li Cai, Wan-Ta Wang, Xiang-Yang Ni, Wen-Fei Zhou, Kai-Liang Neural Regen Res Review Central nervous system (CNS) trauma, including traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, has a high rate of disability and mortality, and effective treatment is currently lacking. Previous studies have revealed that neural inflammation plays a vital role in CNS trauma. As the initial enzyme in neuroinflammation, cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA2) can hydrolyze membranous phosphatides at the sn-2 position in a preferential way to release lysophospholipids and ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acid dominated by arachidonic acid, thereby inducing secondary injuries. Although there is substantial fresh knowledge pertaining to cPLA2, in-depth comprehension of how cPLA2 participates in CNS trauma and the potential methods to ameliorate the clinical results after CNS trauma are still insufficient. The present review summarizes the latest understanding of how cPLA2 participates in CNS trauma, highlighting novel findings pertaining to how cPLA2 activation initiates the potential mechanisms specifically, neuroinflammation, lysosome membrane functions, and autophagy activity, that damage the CNS after trauma. Moreover, we focused on testing a variety of drugs capable of inhibiting cPLA2 or the upstream pathway, and we explored how those agents might be utilized as treatments to improve the results following CNS trauma. This review aimed to effectively understand the mechanism of cPLA2 activation and its role in the pathophysiological processes of CNS trauma and provide clarification and a new referential framework for future research. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9396495/ /pubmed/35900400 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.346460 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review
Zhang, Hao-Jie
Chen, Yi-Tuo
Hu, Xin-Li
Cai, Wan-Ta
Wang, Xiang-Yang
Ni, Wen-Fei
Zhou, Kai-Liang
Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma
title Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma
title_full Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma
title_fullStr Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma
title_full_unstemmed Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma
title_short Functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in central nervous system trauma
title_sort functions and mechanisms of cytosolic phospholipase a(2) in central nervous system trauma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396495/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35900400
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.346460
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