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Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy

The roles of both neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of epilepsy have begun to receive considerable attention in recent years. However, these concepts are predominantly studied as separate entities despite the evidence that neuroinflammatory and redox-based signaling casca...

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Autores principales: Fabisiak, Timothy, Patel, Manisha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36035987
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.976953
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author Fabisiak, Timothy
Patel, Manisha
author_facet Fabisiak, Timothy
Patel, Manisha
author_sort Fabisiak, Timothy
collection PubMed
description The roles of both neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of epilepsy have begun to receive considerable attention in recent years. However, these concepts are predominantly studied as separate entities despite the evidence that neuroinflammatory and redox-based signaling cascades have significant crosstalk. Oxidative post-translational modifications have been demonstrated to directly influence the function of key neuroinflammatory mediators. Neuroinflammation can further be controlled on the transcriptional level as the transcriptional regulators NF-KB and nrf2 are activated by reactive oxygen species. Further, neuroinflammation can induce the increased expression and activity of NADPH oxidase, leading to a highly oxidative environment. These factors additionally influence mitochondria function and the metabolic status of neurons and glia, which are already metabolically stressed in epilepsy. Given the implication of this relationship to disease pathology, this review explores the numerous mechanisms by which neuroinflammation and oxidative stress influence one another in the context of epilepsy. We further examine the efficacy of treatments targeting oxidative stress and redox regulation in animal and human epilepsies in the literature that warrant further investigation. Treatment approaches aimed at rectifying oxidative stress and aberrant redox signaling may enable control of neuroinflammation and improve patient outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-93993522022-08-25 Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy Fabisiak, Timothy Patel, Manisha Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology The roles of both neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of epilepsy have begun to receive considerable attention in recent years. However, these concepts are predominantly studied as separate entities despite the evidence that neuroinflammatory and redox-based signaling cascades have significant crosstalk. Oxidative post-translational modifications have been demonstrated to directly influence the function of key neuroinflammatory mediators. Neuroinflammation can further be controlled on the transcriptional level as the transcriptional regulators NF-KB and nrf2 are activated by reactive oxygen species. Further, neuroinflammation can induce the increased expression and activity of NADPH oxidase, leading to a highly oxidative environment. These factors additionally influence mitochondria function and the metabolic status of neurons and glia, which are already metabolically stressed in epilepsy. Given the implication of this relationship to disease pathology, this review explores the numerous mechanisms by which neuroinflammation and oxidative stress influence one another in the context of epilepsy. We further examine the efficacy of treatments targeting oxidative stress and redox regulation in animal and human epilepsies in the literature that warrant further investigation. Treatment approaches aimed at rectifying oxidative stress and aberrant redox signaling may enable control of neuroinflammation and improve patient outcomes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9399352/ /pubmed/36035987 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.976953 Text en Copyright © 2022 Fabisiak and Patel. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Fabisiak, Timothy
Patel, Manisha
Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy
title Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy
title_full Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy
title_fullStr Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy
title_full_unstemmed Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy
title_short Crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy
title_sort crosstalk between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36035987
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.976953
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