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Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women?
BACKGROUND: Rubber band ligation (RBL) is an effective, well-established, non-surgical option for symptomatic grade II-III hemorrhoid treatment. However, few reports exist about the benefit and risks of RBL in high-risk patients. We herein evaluated the effectiveness and safety of RBL in hemophiliac...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36061152 http://dx.doi.org/10.20524/aog.2022.0737 |
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author | Stavrou, George Tzikos, Georgios Malliou, Petra Panidis, Stavros Kotzampassi, Katerina |
author_facet | Stavrou, George Tzikos, Georgios Malliou, Petra Panidis, Stavros Kotzampassi, Katerina |
author_sort | Stavrou, George |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Rubber band ligation (RBL) is an effective, well-established, non-surgical option for symptomatic grade II-III hemorrhoid treatment. However, few reports exist about the benefit and risks of RBL in high-risk patients. We herein evaluated the effectiveness and safety of RBL in hemophiliac, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and pregnant patients vs. other patients. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of RBL, during the period 2001-2021, in 3 distinct patient categories deemed high-risk and thus not suitable for anesthesia and/or surgical management of their hemorrhoids: hemophiliacs, HIV-positive patients, and pregnant women. These were compared to matched controls, selected from our outpatient pool, who had no major comorbidities and who had opted for RBL as the primary method of treatment. RESULTS: There were 3 study groups (44 with hemophilia, 29 HIV-positive patients, and 45 pregnant women) and controls respectively matched for grade, sex and age (2 for each one in the study groups). Hemophilia patients needed up to 6 RBL sessions for relief of symptoms (3.22 sessions/patient) compared to controls, who needed up to 4 sessions (1.88 sessions/patient, P<0.001); in the other 2 groups there was no difference. There were 3 minor complications: one minor bleeding in a hemophilia patient, a thrombosis in an HIV-positive patient, and severe rectal pain in a control patient. Patients were followed-up for at least 1 year. CONCLUSION: RBL is a safe and effective procedure in hemophiliacs, HIV-positive patients and pregnant women, with low complication rates for grade I-III hemorrhoids, similar to those in healthy matched controls. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9399576 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93995762022-09-01 Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? Stavrou, George Tzikos, Georgios Malliou, Petra Panidis, Stavros Kotzampassi, Katerina Ann Gastroenterol Original Article BACKGROUND: Rubber band ligation (RBL) is an effective, well-established, non-surgical option for symptomatic grade II-III hemorrhoid treatment. However, few reports exist about the benefit and risks of RBL in high-risk patients. We herein evaluated the effectiveness and safety of RBL in hemophiliac, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and pregnant patients vs. other patients. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of RBL, during the period 2001-2021, in 3 distinct patient categories deemed high-risk and thus not suitable for anesthesia and/or surgical management of their hemorrhoids: hemophiliacs, HIV-positive patients, and pregnant women. These were compared to matched controls, selected from our outpatient pool, who had no major comorbidities and who had opted for RBL as the primary method of treatment. RESULTS: There were 3 study groups (44 with hemophilia, 29 HIV-positive patients, and 45 pregnant women) and controls respectively matched for grade, sex and age (2 for each one in the study groups). Hemophilia patients needed up to 6 RBL sessions for relief of symptoms (3.22 sessions/patient) compared to controls, who needed up to 4 sessions (1.88 sessions/patient, P<0.001); in the other 2 groups there was no difference. There were 3 minor complications: one minor bleeding in a hemophilia patient, a thrombosis in an HIV-positive patient, and severe rectal pain in a control patient. Patients were followed-up for at least 1 year. CONCLUSION: RBL is a safe and effective procedure in hemophiliacs, HIV-positive patients and pregnant women, with low complication rates for grade I-III hemorrhoids, similar to those in healthy matched controls. Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology 2022 2022-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9399576/ /pubmed/36061152 http://dx.doi.org/10.20524/aog.2022.0737 Text en Copyright: © Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Stavrou, George Tzikos, Georgios Malliou, Petra Panidis, Stavros Kotzampassi, Katerina Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? |
title | Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? |
title_full | Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? |
title_fullStr | Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? |
title_full_unstemmed | Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? |
title_short | Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? |
title_sort | rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: is the procedure effective for the immunocompromised, hemophiliacs and pregnant women? |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36061152 http://dx.doi.org/10.20524/aog.2022.0737 |
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