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Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the leading causes of liver disease and is responsible for massive health and economic burden worldwide. The disease is asymptomatic in its early stages, but it can progress over time to fatal end-stage liver disease. Thus, the majority of individuals infected with...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36001218 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10729-022-09607-2 |
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author | Lothan, Roy Gutman, Noa Yamin, Dan |
author_facet | Lothan, Roy Gutman, Noa Yamin, Dan |
author_sort | Lothan, Roy |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the leading causes of liver disease and is responsible for massive health and economic burden worldwide. The disease is asymptomatic in its early stages, but it can progress over time to fatal end-stage liver disease. Thus, the majority of individuals infected with HCV are unaware of their chronic condition. Recent treatment options for HCV can completely cure the infection but are costly. We developed a game model between a pharmaceutical company (PC) and a country striving to maximize its citizens' utility. First, the PC determines the price of HCV treatment; then, the country responds with corresponding screening and treatment strategies. We employed an analytical framework to calculate the utility of the players for each selected strategy. Calibrated to detailed HCV data from Israel, we found that the PC will gain higher revenue by offering a quantity discount rather than using standard fixed pricing per treatment, by indirectly forcing the country to conduct more screening than it desired. By contrast, risk-sharing agreements, in which the country pays only for successful treatments are beneficial for the country. Our findings underscore that policy makers worldwide should prudently consider recent offers by PCs to increase screening either directly, via covering HCV screening, or indirectly, by providing discounts following a predetermined volume of sales. More broadly, our approach is applicable in other healthcare settings where screening is essential to determine treatment strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9399601 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93996012022-08-24 Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment Lothan, Roy Gutman, Noa Yamin, Dan Health Care Manag Sci Article Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the leading causes of liver disease and is responsible for massive health and economic burden worldwide. The disease is asymptomatic in its early stages, but it can progress over time to fatal end-stage liver disease. Thus, the majority of individuals infected with HCV are unaware of their chronic condition. Recent treatment options for HCV can completely cure the infection but are costly. We developed a game model between a pharmaceutical company (PC) and a country striving to maximize its citizens' utility. First, the PC determines the price of HCV treatment; then, the country responds with corresponding screening and treatment strategies. We employed an analytical framework to calculate the utility of the players for each selected strategy. Calibrated to detailed HCV data from Israel, we found that the PC will gain higher revenue by offering a quantity discount rather than using standard fixed pricing per treatment, by indirectly forcing the country to conduct more screening than it desired. By contrast, risk-sharing agreements, in which the country pays only for successful treatments are beneficial for the country. Our findings underscore that policy makers worldwide should prudently consider recent offers by PCs to increase screening either directly, via covering HCV screening, or indirectly, by providing discounts following a predetermined volume of sales. More broadly, our approach is applicable in other healthcare settings where screening is essential to determine treatment strategies. Springer US 2022-08-24 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9399601/ /pubmed/36001218 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10729-022-09607-2 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Article Lothan, Roy Gutman, Noa Yamin, Dan Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment |
title | Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment |
title_full | Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment |
title_fullStr | Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment |
title_full_unstemmed | Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment |
title_short | Country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis C treatment |
title_sort | country versus pharmaceutical company interests for hepatitis c treatment |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36001218 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10729-022-09607-2 |
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