Cargando…

Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders

Microglia are the resident innate immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that serve as the first line innate immunity in response to pathogen invasion, ischemia and other pathological stimuli. Once activated, they rapidly release a variety of inflammatory cytokines and phagocytose pathogen...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Liu, Yang, Wang, Miao, Hou, Xiao-Ou, Hu, Li-Fang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36034136
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.979869
_version_ 1784772608685768704
author Liu, Yang
Wang, Miao
Hou, Xiao-Ou
Hu, Li-Fang
author_facet Liu, Yang
Wang, Miao
Hou, Xiao-Ou
Hu, Li-Fang
author_sort Liu, Yang
collection PubMed
description Microglia are the resident innate immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that serve as the first line innate immunity in response to pathogen invasion, ischemia and other pathological stimuli. Once activated, they rapidly release a variety of inflammatory cytokines and phagocytose pathogens or cell debris (termed neuroinflammation), which is beneficial for maintaining brain homeostasis if appropriately activated. However, excessive or uncontrolled neuroinflammation may damage neurons and exacerbate the pathologies in neurological disorders. Microglia are highly dynamic cells, dependent on energy supply from mitochondria. Moreover, dysfunctional mitochondria can serve as a signaling platform to facilitate innate immune responses in microglia. Mitophagy is a means of clearing damaged or redundant mitochondria, playing a critical role in the quality control of mitochondrial homeostasis and turnover. Mounting evidence has shown that mitophagy not only limits the inflammatory response in microglia but also affects their phagocytosis, whereas mitochondria dysfunction and mitophagy defects are associated with aging and neurological disorders. Therefore, targeting microglial mitophagy is a promising therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders. This article reviews and highlights the role and regulation of mitophagy in microglia in neurological conditions, and the research progress in manipulating microglial mitophagy and future directions in this field are also discussed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9399802
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-93998022022-08-25 Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders Liu, Yang Wang, Miao Hou, Xiao-Ou Hu, Li-Fang Front Aging Neurosci Aging Neuroscience Microglia are the resident innate immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that serve as the first line innate immunity in response to pathogen invasion, ischemia and other pathological stimuli. Once activated, they rapidly release a variety of inflammatory cytokines and phagocytose pathogens or cell debris (termed neuroinflammation), which is beneficial for maintaining brain homeostasis if appropriately activated. However, excessive or uncontrolled neuroinflammation may damage neurons and exacerbate the pathologies in neurological disorders. Microglia are highly dynamic cells, dependent on energy supply from mitochondria. Moreover, dysfunctional mitochondria can serve as a signaling platform to facilitate innate immune responses in microglia. Mitophagy is a means of clearing damaged or redundant mitochondria, playing a critical role in the quality control of mitochondrial homeostasis and turnover. Mounting evidence has shown that mitophagy not only limits the inflammatory response in microglia but also affects their phagocytosis, whereas mitochondria dysfunction and mitophagy defects are associated with aging and neurological disorders. Therefore, targeting microglial mitophagy is a promising therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders. This article reviews and highlights the role and regulation of mitophagy in microglia in neurological conditions, and the research progress in manipulating microglial mitophagy and future directions in this field are also discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9399802/ /pubmed/36034136 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.979869 Text en Copyright © 2022 Liu, Wang, Hou and Hu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Aging Neuroscience
Liu, Yang
Wang, Miao
Hou, Xiao-Ou
Hu, Li-Fang
Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders
title Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders
title_full Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders
title_fullStr Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders
title_full_unstemmed Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders
title_short Roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders
title_sort roles of microglial mitophagy in neurological disorders
topic Aging Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36034136
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.979869
work_keys_str_mv AT liuyang rolesofmicroglialmitophagyinneurologicaldisorders
AT wangmiao rolesofmicroglialmitophagyinneurologicaldisorders
AT houxiaoou rolesofmicroglialmitophagyinneurologicaldisorders
AT hulifang rolesofmicroglialmitophagyinneurologicaldisorders