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COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments

We examine the roles of sub-national and national governments in Canada and the United States vis-à-vis the protective public health response in the onset phase of the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This period was characterized in both countries by incomplete information as we...

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Autores principales: Adeel, Abdul Basit, Catalano, Michael, Catalano, Olivia, Gibson, Grant, Muftuoglu, Ezgi, Riggs, Tara, Sezgin, Mehmet Halit, Shvetsova, Olga, Tahir, Naveed, VanDusky-Allen, Julie, Zhao, Tianyi, Zhirnov, Andrei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: University of Toronto Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9400820/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36039151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cpp.2020-101
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author Adeel, Abdul Basit
Catalano, Michael
Catalano, Olivia
Gibson, Grant
Muftuoglu, Ezgi
Riggs, Tara
Sezgin, Mehmet Halit
Shvetsova, Olga
Tahir, Naveed
VanDusky-Allen, Julie
Zhao, Tianyi
Zhirnov, Andrei
author_facet Adeel, Abdul Basit
Catalano, Michael
Catalano, Olivia
Gibson, Grant
Muftuoglu, Ezgi
Riggs, Tara
Sezgin, Mehmet Halit
Shvetsova, Olga
Tahir, Naveed
VanDusky-Allen, Julie
Zhao, Tianyi
Zhirnov, Andrei
author_sort Adeel, Abdul Basit
collection PubMed
description We examine the roles of sub-national and national governments in Canada and the United States vis-à-vis the protective public health response in the onset phase of the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This period was characterized in both countries by incomplete information as well as by uncertainty regarding which level of government should be responsible for which policies. The crisis represents an opportunity to study how national and sub-national governments respond to such policy challenges. In this article, we present a unique dataset that catalogues the policy responses of US states and Canadian provinces as well as those of the respective federal governments: the Protective Policy Index (PPI). We then compare the United States and Canada along several dimensions, including the absolute values of sub-national levels of the index relative to the total protections enjoyed by citizens, the relationship between early threat (as measured by the mortality rate near the start of the public health crisis) and the evolution of the PPI, and finally the institutional and legislative origins of the protective health policies. We find that the sub-national contribution to policy is more important for both the United States and Canada than are their national-level policies, and it is unrelated in scope to our early threat measure. We also show that the institutional origin of the policies as evidenced by the COVID-19 response differs greatly between the two countries and has implications for the evolution of federalism in each.
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spelling pubmed-94008202022-08-25 COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments Adeel, Abdul Basit Catalano, Michael Catalano, Olivia Gibson, Grant Muftuoglu, Ezgi Riggs, Tara Sezgin, Mehmet Halit Shvetsova, Olga Tahir, Naveed VanDusky-Allen, Julie Zhao, Tianyi Zhirnov, Andrei Can Public Policy The COVID-19 Pandemic/La Pandémie de COVID-19 We examine the roles of sub-national and national governments in Canada and the United States vis-à-vis the protective public health response in the onset phase of the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This period was characterized in both countries by incomplete information as well as by uncertainty regarding which level of government should be responsible for which policies. The crisis represents an opportunity to study how national and sub-national governments respond to such policy challenges. In this article, we present a unique dataset that catalogues the policy responses of US states and Canadian provinces as well as those of the respective federal governments: the Protective Policy Index (PPI). We then compare the United States and Canada along several dimensions, including the absolute values of sub-national levels of the index relative to the total protections enjoyed by citizens, the relationship between early threat (as measured by the mortality rate near the start of the public health crisis) and the evolution of the PPI, and finally the institutional and legislative origins of the protective health policies. We find that the sub-national contribution to policy is more important for both the United States and Canada than are their national-level policies, and it is unrelated in scope to our early threat measure. We also show that the institutional origin of the policies as evidenced by the COVID-19 response differs greatly between the two countries and has implications for the evolution of federalism in each. University of Toronto Press 2020-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9400820/ /pubmed/36039151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cpp.2020-101 Text en © Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de politiques This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for reuse and analysis with acknowledgement of the original source.
spellingShingle The COVID-19 Pandemic/La Pandémie de COVID-19
Adeel, Abdul Basit
Catalano, Michael
Catalano, Olivia
Gibson, Grant
Muftuoglu, Ezgi
Riggs, Tara
Sezgin, Mehmet Halit
Shvetsova, Olga
Tahir, Naveed
VanDusky-Allen, Julie
Zhao, Tianyi
Zhirnov, Andrei
COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments
title COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments
title_full COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments
title_fullStr COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments
title_short COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments
title_sort covid-19 policy response and the rise of the sub-national governments
topic The COVID-19 Pandemic/La Pandémie de COVID-19
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9400820/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36039151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cpp.2020-101
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