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Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer
The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts of humans, living in symbiosis with the host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between the beneficial and opportunistic gut microbiota, is associated with several gastrointestinal disorders, such as...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403435/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36157114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i30.4053 |
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author | Quaglio, Ana Elisa Valencise Grillo, Thais Gagno De Oliveira, Ellen Cristina Souza Di Stasi, Luiz Claudio Sassaki, Ligia Yukie |
author_facet | Quaglio, Ana Elisa Valencise Grillo, Thais Gagno De Oliveira, Ellen Cristina Souza Di Stasi, Luiz Claudio Sassaki, Ligia Yukie |
author_sort | Quaglio, Ana Elisa Valencise |
collection | PubMed |
description | The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts of humans, living in symbiosis with the host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between the beneficial and opportunistic gut microbiota, is associated with several gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease; and colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysbiosis can disrupt the mucosal barrier, resulting in perpetuation of inflammation and carcinogenesis. The increase in some specific groups of harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been associated with chronic tissue inflammation and the release of pro-inflammatory and carcinogenic mediators, increasing the chance of developing CRC, following the inflammation-dysplasia-cancer sequence in IBD patients. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to analyze the correlation between changes in the gut microbiota and the development and maintenance of IBD, CRC, and IBD-associated CRC. Patients with IBD and CRC have shown reduced bacterial diversity and abundance compared to healthy individuals, with enrichment of Firmicute sand Bacteroidetes. Specific bacteria are also associated with the onset and progression of CRC, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, and ETBF. Future research can evaluate the advantages of modulating the gut microbiota as preventive measures in CRC high-risk patients, directly affecting the prognosis of the disease and the quality of life of patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9403435 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Baishideng Publishing Group Inc |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94034352022-09-23 Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer Quaglio, Ana Elisa Valencise Grillo, Thais Gagno De Oliveira, Ellen Cristina Souza Di Stasi, Luiz Claudio Sassaki, Ligia Yukie World J Gastroenterol Minireviews The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts of humans, living in symbiosis with the host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between the beneficial and opportunistic gut microbiota, is associated with several gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease; and colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysbiosis can disrupt the mucosal barrier, resulting in perpetuation of inflammation and carcinogenesis. The increase in some specific groups of harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been associated with chronic tissue inflammation and the release of pro-inflammatory and carcinogenic mediators, increasing the chance of developing CRC, following the inflammation-dysplasia-cancer sequence in IBD patients. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to analyze the correlation between changes in the gut microbiota and the development and maintenance of IBD, CRC, and IBD-associated CRC. Patients with IBD and CRC have shown reduced bacterial diversity and abundance compared to healthy individuals, with enrichment of Firmicute sand Bacteroidetes. Specific bacteria are also associated with the onset and progression of CRC, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, and ETBF. Future research can evaluate the advantages of modulating the gut microbiota as preventive measures in CRC high-risk patients, directly affecting the prognosis of the disease and the quality of life of patients. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2022-08-14 2022-08-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9403435/ /pubmed/36157114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i30.4053 Text en ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Minireviews Quaglio, Ana Elisa Valencise Grillo, Thais Gagno De Oliveira, Ellen Cristina Souza Di Stasi, Luiz Claudio Sassaki, Ligia Yukie Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer |
title | Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer |
title_full | Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer |
title_fullStr | Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer |
title_short | Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer |
title_sort | gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer |
topic | Minireviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403435/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36157114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i30.4053 |
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