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Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Airway remodeling in asthma refers to numerous structural changes in the airway in asthmatic patients, with thickening of the airway smooth muscle layer as its core feature. However, the nature and sources of the abnormally increased airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in ai...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
AME Publishing Company
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36034982 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-22-3219 |
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author | Li, Lifei Zhang, Wei Qiu, Chen |
author_facet | Li, Lifei Zhang, Wei Qiu, Chen |
author_sort | Li, Lifei |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Airway remodeling in asthma refers to numerous structural changes in the airway in asthmatic patients, with thickening of the airway smooth muscle layer as its core feature. However, the nature and sources of the abnormally increased airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in airway remodeling remain unclear. ASMCs play a key role in the pathogenesis of fatal asthma; therefore, it is important to clarify the properties and sources of these ASMCs responsible for asthmatic airway remodeling, which may provide a new direction for the precise treatment for asthma. METHODS: We performed a narrative review of the literature on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases searching for the cellular sources of ASMCs in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance. KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: It has long been thought that ASMCs are the result of abnormal proliferation of the native ASMCs in asthma; however, increasing evidence suggests that increased “ASMCs” may be due to the differentiation/transdifferentiation of other cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), myofibroblasts (MYFs), pericytes, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recently, several pharmacological and biological therapies aimed at “reducing asthmatic ASMCs” have been developed, among which gallopamil, JQ1 [an inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family], and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors can alleviate asthma airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness and improve asthma symptoms in both mouse models and preclinical experiments. CONCLUSIONS: As one of the core features of asthma, ASMCs are an important effector of airway remodeling. It has become extremely important to develop therapies for the reduction and prevention of the “ASMCs” on the basis of the properties and sources of “ASMCs”. Many studies have shown that epigenetic regulation is closely related to the abnormal increase of ASMCs in asthma, and interfering with epigenetic regulation factors can reduce the increased smooth muscle cells. Although the epigenetic regulation of asthma is still in its nascent stage, epigenetic therapy targeting “ASMCs” may become another new strategy for asthma prevention and treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9403924 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | AME Publishing Company |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94039242022-08-26 Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review Li, Lifei Zhang, Wei Qiu, Chen Ann Transl Med Original Article BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Airway remodeling in asthma refers to numerous structural changes in the airway in asthmatic patients, with thickening of the airway smooth muscle layer as its core feature. However, the nature and sources of the abnormally increased airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in airway remodeling remain unclear. ASMCs play a key role in the pathogenesis of fatal asthma; therefore, it is important to clarify the properties and sources of these ASMCs responsible for asthmatic airway remodeling, which may provide a new direction for the precise treatment for asthma. METHODS: We performed a narrative review of the literature on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases searching for the cellular sources of ASMCs in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance. KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: It has long been thought that ASMCs are the result of abnormal proliferation of the native ASMCs in asthma; however, increasing evidence suggests that increased “ASMCs” may be due to the differentiation/transdifferentiation of other cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), myofibroblasts (MYFs), pericytes, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recently, several pharmacological and biological therapies aimed at “reducing asthmatic ASMCs” have been developed, among which gallopamil, JQ1 [an inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family], and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors can alleviate asthma airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness and improve asthma symptoms in both mouse models and preclinical experiments. CONCLUSIONS: As one of the core features of asthma, ASMCs are an important effector of airway remodeling. It has become extremely important to develop therapies for the reduction and prevention of the “ASMCs” on the basis of the properties and sources of “ASMCs”. Many studies have shown that epigenetic regulation is closely related to the abnormal increase of ASMCs in asthma, and interfering with epigenetic regulation factors can reduce the increased smooth muscle cells. Although the epigenetic regulation of asthma is still in its nascent stage, epigenetic therapy targeting “ASMCs” may become another new strategy for asthma prevention and treatment. AME Publishing Company 2022-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9403924/ /pubmed/36034982 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-22-3219 Text en 2022 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Li, Lifei Zhang, Wei Qiu, Chen Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review |
title | Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review |
title_full | Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review |
title_fullStr | Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review |
title_full_unstemmed | Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review |
title_short | Cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review |
title_sort | cellular sources of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic airway remodeling and their clinical relevance: a narrative review |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36034982 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-22-3219 |
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