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Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To identify and review the latest research on the connections between breakfast and school-related outcomes in children and adolescents in the US, and to explore the implications of this research on US school nutrition policy, particularly as it applies to students experiencing or...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hartline-Grafton, Heather, Levin, Madeleine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403974/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36006600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13668-022-00434-z
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author Hartline-Grafton, Heather
Levin, Madeleine
author_facet Hartline-Grafton, Heather
Levin, Madeleine
author_sort Hartline-Grafton, Heather
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description PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To identify and review the latest research on the connections between breakfast and school-related outcomes in children and adolescents in the US, and to explore the implications of this research on US school nutrition policy, particularly as it applies to students experiencing or at risk for food insecurity. RECENT FINDINGS: Although school personnel, parents, and students have positive attitudes about breakfast and its benefits for learning, recent research finds mixed evidence for the role of breakfast in improving objectively measured grades and test scores. Few recent studies examined behavioral outcomes, limiting the ability to draw clear conclusions about breakfast and school behavior. Several studies observed improved attendance with increased school breakfast access and participation, especially when schools offered breakfast at no cost to all students. SUMMARY: There are many challenges to studying the connections between breakfast and learning. The recent research on breakfast and academic outcomes is mixed, but there is a growing body of evidence that eliminating fees for both school breakfast and lunch has promise for improving school-related outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-94039742022-08-25 Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy Hartline-Grafton, Heather Levin, Madeleine Curr Nutr Rep Nutrition and the Brain (J Nasser, Section Editor) PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To identify and review the latest research on the connections between breakfast and school-related outcomes in children and adolescents in the US, and to explore the implications of this research on US school nutrition policy, particularly as it applies to students experiencing or at risk for food insecurity. RECENT FINDINGS: Although school personnel, parents, and students have positive attitudes about breakfast and its benefits for learning, recent research finds mixed evidence for the role of breakfast in improving objectively measured grades and test scores. Few recent studies examined behavioral outcomes, limiting the ability to draw clear conclusions about breakfast and school behavior. Several studies observed improved attendance with increased school breakfast access and participation, especially when schools offered breakfast at no cost to all students. SUMMARY: There are many challenges to studying the connections between breakfast and learning. The recent research on breakfast and academic outcomes is mixed, but there is a growing body of evidence that eliminating fees for both school breakfast and lunch has promise for improving school-related outcomes. Springer US 2022-08-25 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9403974/ /pubmed/36006600 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13668-022-00434-z Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Nutrition and the Brain (J Nasser, Section Editor)
Hartline-Grafton, Heather
Levin, Madeleine
Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy
title Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy
title_full Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy
title_fullStr Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy
title_full_unstemmed Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy
title_short Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy
title_sort breakfast and school-related outcomes in children and adolescents in the us: a literature review and its implications for school nutrition policy
topic Nutrition and the Brain (J Nasser, Section Editor)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403974/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36006600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13668-022-00434-z
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