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Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that interferes with multiple aspects of daily functioning. Malingering or feigning of symptoms can be a major challenge during ADHD assessment. Stimulant medication abuse, misuse and diversion may constitute another ch...

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Autor principal: Sadek, Joseph
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9406161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36009067
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12081004
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author Sadek, Joseph
author_facet Sadek, Joseph
author_sort Sadek, Joseph
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description Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that interferes with multiple aspects of daily functioning. Malingering or feigning of symptoms can be a major challenge during ADHD assessment. Stimulant medication abuse, misuse and diversion may constitute another challenge during management. A literature search of the past 15 years on the topic continued to suggest that there are several reasons for malingering and faking ADHD symptoms. Some of the reasons include the intent to obtain prescriptions for stimulant medications for performance enhancement, to gain access to additional school services and accommodations, to use recreationally and to sell as a street drug. In some countries, patients may receive additional tax or student loan benefits. Several researchers suggested that self-report rating measures are easily simulated by patients without ADHD. They concluded that no questionnaire has proved sufficiently robust against false positives. Some clinical factors that may suggest malingering during the ADHD assessment are highlighted and some available tests to detect malingering are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-94061612022-08-26 Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion Sadek, Joseph Brain Sci Opinion Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that interferes with multiple aspects of daily functioning. Malingering or feigning of symptoms can be a major challenge during ADHD assessment. Stimulant medication abuse, misuse and diversion may constitute another challenge during management. A literature search of the past 15 years on the topic continued to suggest that there are several reasons for malingering and faking ADHD symptoms. Some of the reasons include the intent to obtain prescriptions for stimulant medications for performance enhancement, to gain access to additional school services and accommodations, to use recreationally and to sell as a street drug. In some countries, patients may receive additional tax or student loan benefits. Several researchers suggested that self-report rating measures are easily simulated by patients without ADHD. They concluded that no questionnaire has proved sufficiently robust against false positives. Some clinical factors that may suggest malingering during the ADHD assessment are highlighted and some available tests to detect malingering are discussed. MDPI 2022-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9406161/ /pubmed/36009067 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12081004 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Opinion
Sadek, Joseph
Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion
title Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion
title_full Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion
title_fullStr Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion
title_full_unstemmed Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion
title_short Malingering and Stimulant Medications Abuse, Misuse and Diversion
title_sort malingering and stimulant medications abuse, misuse and diversion
topic Opinion
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9406161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36009067
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12081004
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