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Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global neurotrauma with high morbidity and mortality that seriously threatens the life quality of patients and causes heavy burdens to families, healthcare institutions, and society. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress can further aggravate neuronal cell death, h...

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Autores principales: Li, Xingfan, Duan, Linyan, Kong, Mingyue, Wen, Xuejun, Guan, Fangxia, Ma, Shanshan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9407546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36005083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8080482
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author Li, Xingfan
Duan, Linyan
Kong, Mingyue
Wen, Xuejun
Guan, Fangxia
Ma, Shanshan
author_facet Li, Xingfan
Duan, Linyan
Kong, Mingyue
Wen, Xuejun
Guan, Fangxia
Ma, Shanshan
author_sort Li, Xingfan
collection PubMed
description Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global neurotrauma with high morbidity and mortality that seriously threatens the life quality of patients and causes heavy burdens to families, healthcare institutions, and society. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress can further aggravate neuronal cell death, hinder functional recovery, and lead to secondary brain injury. In addition, the blood–brain barrier prevents drugs from entering the brain tissue, which is not conducive to the recovery of TBI. Due to their high water content, biodegradability, and similarity to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), hydrogels are widely used for the delivery and release of various therapeutic agents (drugs, natural extracts, and cells, etc.) that exhibit beneficial therapeutic efficacy in tissue repair, such as TBI. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels can undergo reversible or irreversible changes in properties, structures, and functions in response to internal/external stimuli or physiological/pathological environmental stimuli, and further improve the therapeutic effects on diseases. In this paper, we reviewed the common types of stimuli-responsive hydrogels and their applications in TBI, and further analyzed the therapeutic effects of hydrogels in TBI, such as pro-neurogenesis, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, and pro-angiogenesis. Our study may provide strategies for the treatment of TBI by using stimuli-responsive hydrogels.
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spelling pubmed-94075462022-08-26 Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury Li, Xingfan Duan, Linyan Kong, Mingyue Wen, Xuejun Guan, Fangxia Ma, Shanshan Gels Review Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global neurotrauma with high morbidity and mortality that seriously threatens the life quality of patients and causes heavy burdens to families, healthcare institutions, and society. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress can further aggravate neuronal cell death, hinder functional recovery, and lead to secondary brain injury. In addition, the blood–brain barrier prevents drugs from entering the brain tissue, which is not conducive to the recovery of TBI. Due to their high water content, biodegradability, and similarity to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), hydrogels are widely used for the delivery and release of various therapeutic agents (drugs, natural extracts, and cells, etc.) that exhibit beneficial therapeutic efficacy in tissue repair, such as TBI. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels can undergo reversible or irreversible changes in properties, structures, and functions in response to internal/external stimuli or physiological/pathological environmental stimuli, and further improve the therapeutic effects on diseases. In this paper, we reviewed the common types of stimuli-responsive hydrogels and their applications in TBI, and further analyzed the therapeutic effects of hydrogels in TBI, such as pro-neurogenesis, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, and pro-angiogenesis. Our study may provide strategies for the treatment of TBI by using stimuli-responsive hydrogels. MDPI 2022-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9407546/ /pubmed/36005083 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8080482 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Li, Xingfan
Duan, Linyan
Kong, Mingyue
Wen, Xuejun
Guan, Fangxia
Ma, Shanshan
Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury
title Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury
title_full Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury
title_fullStr Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury
title_full_unstemmed Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury
title_short Applications and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels in Traumatic Brain Injury
title_sort applications and mechanisms of stimuli-responsive hydrogels in traumatic brain injury
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9407546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36005083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8080482
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