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Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen
Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) caused by Acidovorax citrulli (Ac) is a devastating watermelon disease that severely impacts the global watermelon industry. Like other Gram-negative bacteria, the type three secretion system (T3SS) is the main pathogenicity factor of A. citrulli. The T3SS apparatus gene...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409176/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36012409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169144 |
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author | Ji, Weiqin Zhao, Mei Fei, Nuoya Yang, Linlin Qiao, Pei Walcott, Ron Yang, Yuwen Zhao, Tingchang |
author_facet | Ji, Weiqin Zhao, Mei Fei, Nuoya Yang, Linlin Qiao, Pei Walcott, Ron Yang, Yuwen Zhao, Tingchang |
author_sort | Ji, Weiqin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) caused by Acidovorax citrulli (Ac) is a devastating watermelon disease that severely impacts the global watermelon industry. Like other Gram-negative bacteria, the type three secretion system (T3SS) is the main pathogenicity factor of A. citrulli. The T3SS apparatus gene hrpE codes for the Hrp pilus and serves as a conduit to secret effector proteins into host cells. In this study, we found that the deletion of hrpE in A. citrulli results in the loss of pathogenicity on hosts and the hypersensitive response on non-hosts. In addition, the A. citrulli hrpE mutant showed a reduction in in vitro growth, in planta colonization, swimming and twitching motility, and displayed increases in biofilm formation ability compared to the wild type. However, when HrpE was transiently expressed in hosts, the defense responses, including reactive oxygen species bursts, callose deposition, and expression of defense-related genes, were activated. Thus, the A. Citrulli growth in HrpE-pretreated hosts was suppressed. These results indicated that HrpE is essential for A. citrulli virulence but can also be used by hosts to help resist A. citrulli. Our findings provide a better understanding of the T3SS pathogenesis in A. citrulli, thus providing a molecular basis for biopesticide development, and facilitating the effective control of BFB. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9409176 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94091762022-08-26 Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen Ji, Weiqin Zhao, Mei Fei, Nuoya Yang, Linlin Qiao, Pei Walcott, Ron Yang, Yuwen Zhao, Tingchang Int J Mol Sci Article Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) caused by Acidovorax citrulli (Ac) is a devastating watermelon disease that severely impacts the global watermelon industry. Like other Gram-negative bacteria, the type three secretion system (T3SS) is the main pathogenicity factor of A. citrulli. The T3SS apparatus gene hrpE codes for the Hrp pilus and serves as a conduit to secret effector proteins into host cells. In this study, we found that the deletion of hrpE in A. citrulli results in the loss of pathogenicity on hosts and the hypersensitive response on non-hosts. In addition, the A. citrulli hrpE mutant showed a reduction in in vitro growth, in planta colonization, swimming and twitching motility, and displayed increases in biofilm formation ability compared to the wild type. However, when HrpE was transiently expressed in hosts, the defense responses, including reactive oxygen species bursts, callose deposition, and expression of defense-related genes, were activated. Thus, the A. Citrulli growth in HrpE-pretreated hosts was suppressed. These results indicated that HrpE is essential for A. citrulli virulence but can also be used by hosts to help resist A. citrulli. Our findings provide a better understanding of the T3SS pathogenesis in A. citrulli, thus providing a molecular basis for biopesticide development, and facilitating the effective control of BFB. MDPI 2022-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9409176/ /pubmed/36012409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169144 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ji, Weiqin Zhao, Mei Fei, Nuoya Yang, Linlin Qiao, Pei Walcott, Ron Yang, Yuwen Zhao, Tingchang Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen |
title | Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen |
title_full | Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen |
title_fullStr | Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen |
title_full_unstemmed | Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen |
title_short | Essential Acidovorax citrulli Virulence Gene hrpE Activates Host Immune Response against Pathogen |
title_sort | essential acidovorax citrulli virulence gene hrpe activates host immune response against pathogen |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409176/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36012409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169144 |
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