Cargando…

The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

(1) Background: Aquatic exercise training is a relatively understudied exercise modality in patients with CAD; with the present study, we sought to compare the impact of short-term 14-day water- and land-based exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV). (2) Methods: We randomized 90 patients...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jug, Borut, Vasić, Danijela, Novaković, Marko, Avbelj, Viktor, Rupert, Lea, Kšela, Juš
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36005415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080251
_version_ 1784774824755724288
author Jug, Borut
Vasić, Danijela
Novaković, Marko
Avbelj, Viktor
Rupert, Lea
Kšela, Juš
author_facet Jug, Borut
Vasić, Danijela
Novaković, Marko
Avbelj, Viktor
Rupert, Lea
Kšela, Juš
author_sort Jug, Borut
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: Aquatic exercise training is a relatively understudied exercise modality in patients with CAD; with the present study, we sought to compare the impact of short-term 14-day water- and land-based exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV). (2) Methods: We randomized 90 patients after a recent CAD event (myocardial infarction and/or revascularization within 2 months prior to inclusion) to either (i) water-based or (ii) land-based exercise training (14 days, two 30 min sessions daily), or (iii) controls. Before and after the intervention period, all participants underwent 20 min 12-channel high-resolution ECG recordings with off-line HRV analysis, including conventional linear time- and frequency-domain analysis (using the Welch method for fast-Fourier transformation), and preselected non-linear analysis (Poincaré plot-derived parameters, sample entropy, and the short-term scaling exponent α1 obtained by detrended fluctuation analysis). (3) Results: Eighty-nine patients completed the study (mean age 60 ± 8 years; 20 % women). We did not detect significant differences in baseline- or age-adjusted end-of-study HRV parameters, but aquatic exercise training was associated with a significant increase in the linear LF/HF parameter (from 2.6 [1.2–4.0] to 3.0 [2.1–5.5], p = 0.046) and the non-linear α1 parameter (from 1.2 [1.1–1.4] to 1.3 [1.2–1.5], p = 0.043). (4) Conclusions: Our results have shown that a short-term 14-day aquatic exercise training program improves selected HRV parameters, suggesting this mode of exercise is safe and may be beneficial in patients with CAD.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9409327
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-94093272022-08-26 The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Jug, Borut Vasić, Danijela Novaković, Marko Avbelj, Viktor Rupert, Lea Kšela, Juš J Cardiovasc Dev Dis Article (1) Background: Aquatic exercise training is a relatively understudied exercise modality in patients with CAD; with the present study, we sought to compare the impact of short-term 14-day water- and land-based exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV). (2) Methods: We randomized 90 patients after a recent CAD event (myocardial infarction and/or revascularization within 2 months prior to inclusion) to either (i) water-based or (ii) land-based exercise training (14 days, two 30 min sessions daily), or (iii) controls. Before and after the intervention period, all participants underwent 20 min 12-channel high-resolution ECG recordings with off-line HRV analysis, including conventional linear time- and frequency-domain analysis (using the Welch method for fast-Fourier transformation), and preselected non-linear analysis (Poincaré plot-derived parameters, sample entropy, and the short-term scaling exponent α1 obtained by detrended fluctuation analysis). (3) Results: Eighty-nine patients completed the study (mean age 60 ± 8 years; 20 % women). We did not detect significant differences in baseline- or age-adjusted end-of-study HRV parameters, but aquatic exercise training was associated with a significant increase in the linear LF/HF parameter (from 2.6 [1.2–4.0] to 3.0 [2.1–5.5], p = 0.046) and the non-linear α1 parameter (from 1.2 [1.1–1.4] to 1.3 [1.2–1.5], p = 0.043). (4) Conclusions: Our results have shown that a short-term 14-day aquatic exercise training program improves selected HRV parameters, suggesting this mode of exercise is safe and may be beneficial in patients with CAD. MDPI 2022-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9409327/ /pubmed/36005415 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080251 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jug, Borut
Vasić, Danijela
Novaković, Marko
Avbelj, Viktor
Rupert, Lea
Kšela, Juš
The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
title The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
title_full The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
title_fullStr The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
title_short The Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
title_sort effect of aquatic exercise training on heart rate variability in patients with coronary artery disease
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36005415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080251
work_keys_str_mv AT jugborut theeffectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT vasicdanijela theeffectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT novakovicmarko theeffectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT avbeljviktor theeffectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT rupertlea theeffectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT kselajus theeffectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT jugborut effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT vasicdanijela effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT novakovicmarko effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT avbeljviktor effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT rupertlea effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease
AT kselajus effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonheartratevariabilityinpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease