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The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is related to psychological distress. Such distress depends on various factors. We previously reported that hemodialysis patients have more psychological distress than peritoneal dialysis patients among patients on dialysis in the COVID-19 pandemic er...

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Autores principales: Lee, Kyung-Mi, Kim, Ji-Sun, Hwang, Sungjo, Cho, Nam Jun, Park, Samel, Gil, Hyo Wook, Lee, Eun Young
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409632/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36013016
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164776
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author Lee, Kyung-Mi
Kim, Ji-Sun
Hwang, Sungjo
Cho, Nam Jun
Park, Samel
Gil, Hyo Wook
Lee, Eun Young
author_facet Lee, Kyung-Mi
Kim, Ji-Sun
Hwang, Sungjo
Cho, Nam Jun
Park, Samel
Gil, Hyo Wook
Lee, Eun Young
author_sort Lee, Kyung-Mi
collection PubMed
description The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is related to psychological distress. Such distress depends on various factors. We previously reported that hemodialysis patients have more psychological distress than peritoneal dialysis patients among patients on dialysis in the COVID-19 pandemic era. However, no study has reported how psychological distress related to the COVID-19 pandemic depends on renal function in the entire group of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate psychological distress and concerns related to COVID-19 according to CKD stage. This was a cross-sectional study that included 397 CKD patients who visited a hospital from August 2020 to November 2020. Patients responded to questionnaires covering depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7), psychological impact of event (22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised, IES-R), insomnia (7-item Insomnia severity Index, ISI), concerns, and precautionary measures about COVID-19. According to eGFR and dialysis status, patients were divided into three groups: (1) patients with CKD stage 1~2, (2) patients with CKD stage 3~5 without dialysis, and (3) dialysis patients. The higher the CKD stage, the higher the GAD-7 (p = 0.009) and the ISI score (p = 0.001). When patients with CKD stage 1~2 and CKD stage 3~5 (with or without dialysis) were compared, PHQ-9 (p = 0.026), GAD-7 (p = 0.010), and ISI score (p = 0.002) were higher in the CKD stage 3~5 group. However, when comparing those with and without dialysis, only the ISI score (p = 0.008) showed a significant difference. More severe kidney dysfunction in CKD patients was associated with more psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, as CKD stage increases, more attention should be paid to the mental care of these patients.
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spelling pubmed-94096322022-08-26 The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic Lee, Kyung-Mi Kim, Ji-Sun Hwang, Sungjo Cho, Nam Jun Park, Samel Gil, Hyo Wook Lee, Eun Young J Clin Med Article The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is related to psychological distress. Such distress depends on various factors. We previously reported that hemodialysis patients have more psychological distress than peritoneal dialysis patients among patients on dialysis in the COVID-19 pandemic era. However, no study has reported how psychological distress related to the COVID-19 pandemic depends on renal function in the entire group of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate psychological distress and concerns related to COVID-19 according to CKD stage. This was a cross-sectional study that included 397 CKD patients who visited a hospital from August 2020 to November 2020. Patients responded to questionnaires covering depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7), psychological impact of event (22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised, IES-R), insomnia (7-item Insomnia severity Index, ISI), concerns, and precautionary measures about COVID-19. According to eGFR and dialysis status, patients were divided into three groups: (1) patients with CKD stage 1~2, (2) patients with CKD stage 3~5 without dialysis, and (3) dialysis patients. The higher the CKD stage, the higher the GAD-7 (p = 0.009) and the ISI score (p = 0.001). When patients with CKD stage 1~2 and CKD stage 3~5 (with or without dialysis) were compared, PHQ-9 (p = 0.026), GAD-7 (p = 0.010), and ISI score (p = 0.002) were higher in the CKD stage 3~5 group. However, when comparing those with and without dialysis, only the ISI score (p = 0.008) showed a significant difference. More severe kidney dysfunction in CKD patients was associated with more psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, as CKD stage increases, more attention should be paid to the mental care of these patients. MDPI 2022-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9409632/ /pubmed/36013016 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164776 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Kyung-Mi
Kim, Ji-Sun
Hwang, Sungjo
Cho, Nam Jun
Park, Samel
Gil, Hyo Wook
Lee, Eun Young
The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic
title The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short The Higher the CKD Stage, the Higher the Psychological Stress in Patients with CKD during COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort higher the ckd stage, the higher the psychological stress in patients with ckd during covid-19 pandemic
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409632/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36013016
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164776
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